双季机插稻叶龄模式参数及高产品种特征  

Leaf-age-model Parameters and Characteristics of High-yield Cultivars of Machine-transplanted Double Cropping Rice

作　　者：吕伟生[1,2] 曾勇军 石庆华[1] 潘晓华[1] 黄山[1] 商庆银[1] 谭雪明[1] 李木英[1] 胡水秀[1] 曾研华[1] LYU Wei-Sheng;ZENG Yong-Jun;SHI Qing-Hua;PAN Xiao-Hua;HUANG Shan;SHANG Qing-Yin;TAN Xue-Ming;LI Mu-Ying;HU Shui-Xiu;ZENG Yan-Hua(Collaborative Innovation Center for the Modernization Production of Double Cropping Rice,Jiangxi Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology,Ecology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Education/Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology,Ecology and Genetic Breeding,Nanchang 330045,Jiangxi,China;Jiangxi Institute of Red Soil/National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Red Soil Improvement/Scientific Observational and Experimental Station of Arable Land Conservation in Jiangxi,Ministry of Agriculture,Nanchang 331717,Jiangxi,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学/双季稻现代化生产协同创新中心/作物生理生态与遗传育种教育部重点实验室/江西省作物生理生态与遗传育种重点实验室,江西南昌330045 [2]江西省红壤研究所/国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心/农业部江西耕地保育科学观测实验站,江西南昌331717

出　　处：《作物学报》2018年第12期1844-1857,共14页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD16B04;2012BAD04B11;2013BAD07B1202);国家公益性行业科研专项(201303102);国家自然科学基金项目(31360310);江西省水稻产业体系专项(JXARS-02-03);江西省重点研发专项(20161ACF60013);江西省青年科学家培养计划项目(20153BCB23015)资助~~

摘　　要：为双季机插稻高产品种的选育和精确定量栽培提供参考依据,2013年和2014年在长江中游双季稻地区(江西上高),以19个早稻品种和20个晚稻品种为材料,在高产栽培条件下明确了双季机插稻叶龄模式参数,并通过系统聚类分析和方差分析等方法对双季机插稻高产品种特征进行了初步研究。结果表明,机插早稻主茎平均总叶片数(N)为10.7～12.2,叶数变幅10～13,伸长节间数(n)均为4个,够苗叶龄为N-n+1;机插晚稻品种N为14.4～15.2,叶数变幅14～16,n均为5个,够苗叶龄为N-n。高产类型机插双季稻具有分蘖力中等、成穗率较高、全生育期特别是中后期干物质生产量及单茎干物质量大、中后期叶面积指数(LAI)及单茎叶面积较高、穗型较大、总颖花量大、粒叶比协调和日产量高等基本特征。其中,高产类型机插早稻生育期110～113d,日产量75～79kghm–2d–1,分蘖力每株2.6～3.4穗,每穗粒数115～135粒,千粒重26～28 g;高产类型机插晚稻115～120 d,日产量78～82 kg hm–2 d–1,分蘖力每株4.2～4.8穗,每穗粒数130～150粒,千粒重24～27 g。The aim of this study was to provide references for the breeding and precise quantitative cultivation of high-yielding cultivars of machine-transplanted double cropping rice.Therefore a two-year field experiment was conducted with 19 early rice cultivars and 20 late rice cultivars to determine the leaf-age-model parameters and characteristics of high-yielding cultivars of machine-transplanted double cropping rice by using clustering and variance analysis methods in double-cropping rice areas(Shanggao of Jiangxi)in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.The average total number of leaves(N)in the main stem of the early rice was 10.7 to 12.2,the number of leaves varied from 10 to 13,the average number of internodes(n)was four and the stage of tiller equal panicle was N-n+1.For machine-transplanted late rice,N was ranged from 14.4 to 15.2,the number of leaves varied from 14 to 16,n was five,and the stage of tiller equal panicle was N?n.Machine-transplanted double cropping rice with high-yield ability had the basic characteristics of medium tillering ability,greater grain-leaf ratio,higher panicle-bearing tiller rate,ear size,total spikelets,daily production,biomass accumulation per stem and leaf area index(LAI)as well as higher leaf area per stem in mid and latter stages.While there were some differences in population quality between early rice and late rice.For high-yielding cultivars of machine-transplanted early rice,the growth duration,daily yield,tillering ability,grains per spike and 1000-grain weight were 110–113 d,75–79 kg ha^–1 d^–1,2.6–3.4 spikes per plant,115–135 and 26–28 g,respectively.The corresponding value of machine-transplanted late rice were 115–120 d,78–82 kg ha^–1 d^–1,4.2–4.8 spikes per plant,130–150 and 24–27 g,respectively.

关 键 词：双季稻 机插秧 叶龄模式参数 品种特征 产量 

分 类 号：S511.42[农业科学—作物学]