不同玉米品种全株青贮品质及营养价值的比较分析  

Comparative Analysis of Silage Quality and Nutritive Value of Whole-plant Corn Silage with Different Varieties

作　　者：刘月 周振明[1] 王国艮 吴浩[1] 孟庆翔[1] 杨军香[2] 罗峰 孙守钧 LIU Yue;ZHOU Zhenming;WANG Guogen;WU Hao;MENG Qingxiang;YANG Junxiang;LUO Feng;SUN Shoujun(State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Department of System Construction and Extension,National Animal Husbandry Station,Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100125,China;College of Agriculture and Resources and Environment, Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学动物科技学院,动物营养学国家重点实验室,北京100193 [2]农业部全国畜牧总站体系建设与推广处,北京100125 [3]天津农学院农学与资源环境学院,天津300384

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2018年第11期3043-3050,共8页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家肉牛牦牛产业技术体系项目(CARS-37);公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201503134);全株玉米青贮应用推广示范(21177232)。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究不同品种全株玉米青贮发酵品质和营养价值的差异,选取5个粮饲兼用型玉米品种,于1/2～3/4乳线期刈割,使用聚乙烯发酵袋(50cm×80cm)在实验室条件下(15～20℃)发酵60d,开袋后进行感官评价,测定青贮发酵品质,风干样粉碎后用于常规化学成分及消化率的测定。结果显示:纪元128感官评分等级为中级,其余品种均为良好级。沃锋9的乳酸含量(6.05%DM)显著高于纪元128(5.13%DM)和郑单958(5.13%DM)(P<0.05),乙酸和丙酸含量则极显著低于潞玉36、郑单958和京科25(P<0.01)。5个品种全株玉米青贮V-score评分均>97.00分。京科25的粗蛋白质(CP)、沃锋9的粗脂肪(EE)、郑单958的可溶性碳水化合物(WSC)和纪元128的淀粉含量高于其他品种,分别达9.24%DM、3.11%DM、2.84%DM、30.33%DM。各品种相对饲喂价值(RFV)由高到低依次为:沃锋9(163.00)>纪元128(160.93)>郑单958(156.30)>京科25(152.70)>潞玉36(151.77)。郑单958和沃锋9的24h中性洗涤纤维消化率(NDFD)(17.84%DM;18.28%DM)极显著低于京科25和纪元128(24.87%DM;22.97%DM)(P<0.01)。综上所述,沃锋9全株青贮的RFV最高,且其感官评价、乳酸含量、V-score评分、EE及WSC含量均较高,而氨态氮/总氮(NH_3-N/TN)、中性洗涤纤维(NDF)及酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)含量均较低,因此沃锋9为较为优异的粮饲兼用型青贮玉米品种。其次为纪元128,其RFV及48hNDFD较高,而ADF及木质素(ADL)含量均最低。This experiment was conducted to investigate the silage quality and nutritive value of whole-plant corn silage of different varieties.Five different varieties of corn were harvested at 1/2 to 3/4 milk line and silaged in plastic bags(50 cm×80 cm)for 60 d(15 to 20℃),then sensory evaluation and fermentation status were analyzed.Chemical and digestion analysis were carried out after the samples were air-dried.The results showed that the overall sensory scores for whole-plant corn silage were good except for Jiyuan 128 which was fair.Lactic acid concentration of Wofeng 9(6.05%DM)was significantly higher than Jiyuan 128(5.13%DM)and Zhengdan 958(5.13%DM)(P<0.05),while acetic acid and propionic acid concentrations were extremely significantly lower than Luyu 36,Zhengdan 958 and Jingke 25(P<0.01).The V-scores were all above 97.00 of whole-plant corn silage.The contents of CP of Jingke 25,EE of Wofeng 9,WSC of Zhengdan 958 and starch of Jiyuan 128 was the highest among the five varieties of corn silage,which were 9.24%DM,3.11%DM,2.84%DM and 30.33%DM,respectively.The RFV of different varieties corn silage from high to low were:Wofeng 9(163.00)>Jiyuan 128(160.93)>Zhengdan 958(156.30)>Jingke 25(152.70)>Luyu 36(151.77).The 24 h NDFD of Zhengdan 958 and Wofeng 9(17.84%DM;18.28%DM)were extremely significantly lower than that of Jingke 25 and Jiyuan 128(24.87%DM;22.97%DM)(P<0.01).In conclusion,the RFV of Wofeng 9 was the highest and its sensory evaluation,lactic acid concentration,V-score,EE and WSC contents were higher,while NH 3-N/TN,NDF and ADF contents were lower,therefore,Wofeng 9 performed better than others under this experimental condition.The second was Jiyuan 128 whose RFV and 48 h NDFD were higher,while ADF and ADL contents were the lowest.

关 键 词：玉米品种 全株玉米青贮 青贮品质 营养价值 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]