超声波测量气缸油膜厚度方法的标定技术  

Calibration of Ultrasonic Method for Oil Film Thickness Measurement

作　　者：石勇 齐松博 赵建辉[2] 孙军[2] 魏永庚[1] Shi Yong;Qi Songbo;Zhao Jianhui;Sun Jun;Wei Yonggeng(College of Mechanical Engineering,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150001,China;College of Power and Energy Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学机电工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨工程大学动力与能源工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《内燃机学报》2018年第6期546-552,共7页Transactions of Csice

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51475100);国家留学基金资助项目(201506685031);低速机创新工程资助项目(CDGC-KT03-JB-007)

摘　　要：柴油机气缸油膜厚度可以评价气缸润滑效果.超声波测量气缸油膜厚度具有不破坏测试环境的优点,但标定技术是其应用的关键.通过介绍谐振模型和等效弹簧模型,分析两种模型计算油膜厚度的原理,得到超声波反射系数、入射频率和油膜厚度间的关系;然后利用泰勒展开式计算出谐振模型和等效弹簧模型的误差影响,得到谐振频率、采样频率与测量误差的关系,以及反射系数、声波频率与测量误差的关系,得到超声波反射系数的合理取值范围.提出了千分尺结构的标定试验装置和楔形量块结构的标定试验装置,并利用这两种装置分别对谐振模型和等效弹簧模型进行试验标定,试验方法可满足油膜厚度的超声波测量标定.The oil film thickness between the cylinder and the piston on a diesel engine can be used to evaluate the lubricant performance.Although ultrasonic method is an effective way to measure the oil film thickness due to the advantage of noninvasive measurement,its calibration is crucial during the application.The resonant model and the quasi-static spring model were introduced and theoretically analyzed.The relationship between the ultrasonic reflection coefficient,the incident frequency and the oil film thickness were obtained.Moreover,the errors of the resonant model and the quasi-static spring model were analyzed using the Taylor series.Through the analysis,the relationship between the error,resonant frequency and sampling frequency was presented,as well as the relationship between the error,ultrasonic frequency and reflection coefficient,and also the rational range of the ultrasonic reflection coefficient.Two calibration devices with micrometer structure and wedge-shaped gauge block structure were proposed and applied to calibrate the resonant model and the quasi-static spring model respectively.The results show the two devices can be used to calibrate the two models effectively.

关 键 词：超声波法 油膜厚度 误差分析 标定 

分 类 号：TK113[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程]