三峡工程在长江生态环境保护中的关键地位与作用  

Important role of Three Gorges Project in ecological environment protection of Changjiang River basin

作　　者：郑守仁[1] ZHENG Shouren(Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Ministry of Water Resources,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]水利部长江水利委员会,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《人民长江》2018年第21期1-8,19,共9页Yangtze River

摘　　要：三峡工程是治理开发和保护长江的关键工程,在保护长江生态环境中具有关键地位。党中央、国务院高度重视三峡工程建设对生态环境的影响,并要求研究降低工程对生态环境不利影响的对策措施。在工程决策前,相关单位分别就不同蓄水位方案对生态环境的影响进行了反复论证,使得提交的《长江三峡水利枢纽环境影响报告书》顺利获批。在初步设计阶段,对有关生态环境影响进行了复核,对环评中指出的主要不利影响提出了相应措施。在工程正式建设过程中,编制了《三峡库区及上游污染防治规划》,并敦促库区各级政府认真贯彻落实;建立了长江三峡生态环境监测系统,对各环境因子开展了系统而全面的监测跟踪,验证了环境影响评价结论及相关对策实施的效果。同时应该认识到,在三峡水库库区建设三峡水库生态屏障区,发挥三峡工程在长江生态环境保护体系中的重要作用,是保障长江流域环境安全的重要举措。The Three Gorges Project is a key one for harnessing,developing and protecting the Changjiang River,holding a key role in protecting the ecological environment of the Changjiang River.The Central Committee of CPC and the State Council attached great importance to the impact of the Three Gorges Project construction on ecological environment and asked to study the countermeasures to reduce the adverse effects to ecological environment.Prior to the project decision,the relevant units repeatedly demonstrated the impact of different design water level schemes on the ecological environment,which resulted in the successful approval of the Report on Environmental Impact of the Three Gorges Project of the Changjiang River.In the preliminary design stage,the ecological environmental impact was rechecked,and the related measures were put forward for the main adverse effects pointed out in the environmental impact assessment.In the project construction stage,the Plan for Water Pollution Prevention and Control in the Three Gorges Reservoir area and Upstream was formulated,and the governments at all levels in the reservoir area were asked to conscientiously implement it.A monitoring system for the ecological environment of the three Gorges Project was established to carry out systematic and comprehensive monitoring and tracking to environmental factors to verify the results of environmental impact assessment and the implementation of relevant countermeasures.At the same time,we should realize that the Three Gorges Project plays an important role in the ecological environmental protection system of the Changjiang River and is an important measure to ensure the environmental safety of the Changjiang River basin.

关 键 词：生态环境保护 环境因子 监测系统 三峡工程 长江流域 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]