南极乔治王岛与象岛邻近海域表层沉积硅藻组成及分布特征  

Distribution of Diatom Assemblages in the Surface Sediments near the King George Island and Elephant Island, Antarctica

作　　者：吴聪[1] 王金莲[1] 何高文[1] 付少英[1] 王力峰[1] 赖佩欣 WU Cong;WANG Jin-lian;HE Gao-wen;FU Shao-ying;WANG Li-feng;LAI Pei-xin(Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources,Ministry of Natural Resources,Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510075)

机构地区：[1]自然资源部海底矿产资源重点实验室,广州海洋地质调查局,广东广州510075

出　　处：《地球学报》2018年第6期657-665,共9页Acta Geoscientica Sinica

基　　金：自然资源部国家专项(编号:DD20160214);中国地质调查局海洋地质调查计划项目(编号:GZH201100303)联合资助;为中国地质调查局、中国地质科学院2017年度地质科技十大进展第九名“‘海洋六号’南极科考取得多项突破性创新成果”的成果之一。

摘　　要：本文对"第33次南极科考—海洋六号航次"在乔治王岛南侧、象岛西侧海域内通过箱式取样获得的表层沉积物样品进行了硅藻组成和分布特征的研究。主要统计了硅藻丰度、简单分异度、属种组成等,并结合沉积物粒度数据进行分析,结果表明乔治王岛南侧站位丰度和分异度高于象岛西侧站位,最高丰度达到1.96×10~6壳/g。丰度的差异分布可能主要与洋流有关,别林斯高晋海表层洋流带入充足营养盐导致乔治王岛南侧站位硅藻繁盛,而威德尔海涡流底层水影响下的象岛西侧站位则难以沉降保存包括硅藻壳体在内的细小沉积颗粒。各站位硅藻组成的差异主要体现在海冰相关种分布不均和半咸水种类繁盛情况等,前者可能与漂浮海冰控制的时间长短有关,而后者与淡水输入等综合环境因素有关。Diatom assemblage and distribution characteristics associated with grain sizes of seven surface sediments in the south of King George Island and west of Elephant Island were analyzed in detail in this study.The results show that diatom abundance and diversity of the south of King George Island are distinctly higher than those of the west of Elephant Island.Site CS22 contains the highest absolute abundance with the value of 1.96×106 valves per gram.The differential distribution of diatom abundance is mainly related to the currents around the South Shetland Islands.Continuous nutrients are brought from the Bellingshausen Sea surface Current along the south side of King George Island,which flourishes the diatom flora in the sites CS19,CS20 and CS22.In contrast,on the west side of Elephant Island,bottom currents derived by the Weddell Sea Gyre may strongly impact the deposition of particles in the sites of CS7,CS9 and CS10.The relative abundance of sea ice-related species reflects the duration of floating sea ice,and the brackish species bloom is possibly related to the side discharge of freshwater.

关 键 词：乔治王岛 象岛 表层沉积物 硅藻 海冰种 洋流 

分 类 号：P736.14[天文地球—海洋地质]