饲料中去除矿物添加剂对猪粪中矿物元素含量及化学形态的影响  

Demineralized Additives in Diet on Mineral Contents and Chemical Forms in Pig Feces

作　　者：赵红波[1,2] 韩红 陈雪梅[1,2] 韩冠军 李会荣[4] 盛清凯 王迎雪 ZHAO Hongbo;HAN Hong;CHEN Xuemei;HAN Guanjun;LI Huirong;SHENG Qingkai;WANG Yingxue(Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Jinan,Shandong 250100,China;Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Disease Control and Breeding,Jinan 250100,China;Shandong MeiShiDa Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Co.Ltd,Jiyang Shandong,264055,China;Shandong Provincial Institute of Feed Quality Inspection,Jinan,250022,China;The Second Hospital of Shandong University,Jinan,250033,China)

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所,山东济南250100 [2]山东省畜禽疫病防治与繁育重点试验室,山东济南250100 [3]山东美事达农牧科技有限公司,山东济阳264055 [4]山东省饲料质量检验所,山东济南250022 [5]山东大学第二医院,山东济南250033

出　　处：《家畜生态学报》2018年第11期60-66,共7页Journal of Domestic Animal Ecology

基　　金：国家自然基金(31772649);山东省农业重大技术创新项目(鲁财农指[2017]6号);农科院创新工程(CXGC2017B02;CXGC2016B03)

摘　　要：为降低猪粪中矿物元素的污染,研究饲料中去除铜、铁、锌、锰矿物添加剂对育肥猪猪粪中铜、铁、锌、锰的含量、化学形态及猪生长性能的影响。选择体重(62.5±0.50)kg的育肥猪随机均分为四组,分别饲喂添加矿物添加剂的常规日粮(对照组)、常规日粮中去除矿物添加剂后的基础日粮(去矿组)、基础日粮+益生菌的试验日粮(益生菌组)、基础日粮+益生菌后厌氧发酵的试验日粮(发酵组)。试验期31d。结果表明,和对照组相比,去矿组猪粪中矿物元素的含量降低(P<0.01),铁和锌残渣态的含量升高(P<0.05),铁氧化态的含量降低(P<0.05),日增重无差异(P>0.05);和去矿组相比,发酵组猪粪中铜、铁、锌、锰含量进一步降低(P<0.05),猪粪中矿物元素氧化态的含量及猪的日增重提高(P<0.05);益生菌组猪粪中矿物元素含量及猪日增重的变化居于去矿组和发酵组之间。结果表明育肥猪饲料中去除矿物添加剂可以减少猪粪中矿物元素的含量,对猪生产性能无影响,去除矿物添加剂的育肥猪饲料发酵后可以进一步降低猪粪中的矿物元素,改变粪中矿物元素的化学形态及促进猪的生长。To reduce the mineral pollution in pig feces,the effect of demineralized additives in diet on mineral contents(Cu,Fe,Zn,Mn)and their chemical speciation as well as growth performance of pigs were investigated.Fattening pigs weighing 62.5±0.50 kg were randomly divided into four groups and fed regular diet with mineral additives(control group),basal diet deleted mineral additives(mineral deletion group),basal diet+probiotics(probiotics group),basal diet+fermentation diet(fermentation group).The trial lasted for 13 days.The results show that deletion of mineral additives in complete diet could significantly decrease the contents of Cu,Fe,Zn and Mn in pig feces(P<0.01),increase the contents of iron and zinc residue state(P<0.05),and reduce the contents of iron oxidation state(P<0.05).There was no significant difference on average daily gain(P>0.05).In contrast to demineralization group,fermentation further lowered the contents of Cu,Fe,Zn and Mn in feces(P<0.05),and increased the contents of oxidisable minerals(P<0.05),enhanced average daily gain of pigs(P<0.05);the mineral contents in feces and daily weight gain of probiotics group varied between the mineral deletion group and fermentation group.In summary,demineralized additives can reduce mineral contents in pig feces,meanwhile feed fermentation further reduce the mineral contents and change the states of mineral elements,which is beneficial to mineral emission reduction and pig growth.

关 键 词：育肥猪猪粪 矿物元素 发酵 形态 减排 

分 类 号：S811.5[农业科学—畜牧学]