我国高校扩招后高等教育对国民经济增长的贡献率  

A Study on Higher Education's Contribution Rate to the National Economic Growth after China's College Enrollment Expansion

作　　者：吴振球[1,2] 孙雪玉 吴世杰 Wu Zhenqiu;Sun Xueyu;Wu Shijie

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院经济研究所博士后流动站 [2]中南财经政法大学工商管理学院 [3]中南财经政法大学党委宣传部

出　　处：《高等教育评论》2013年第1期43-52,共10页Higher Education Review

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目《AD-PA模型拓展与扩大就业的理论和政策研究》(编号:10YJC790287)资助

摘　　要：本文使用1999~2010年全国与各省(自治区、直辖市)的有关统计数据,运用美国经济学家丹尼森的教育量简化指数法,对高校扩招背景下我国高等教育对国民收入年增长率的贡献率进行了实证研究。主要发现有:我国高等教育对全国国民收入年增长率的贡献率偏低,高等教育对各省区国民收入年增长率贡献很不平衡,高等教育对国民收入年增长率贡献率比基础教育要低很多,还有其他因素比教育对国民收入年增长率贡献更高。今后一个时期我国发展教育应该要优先、大力发展基础教育和中等职业教育;要适度发展普通高等教育;国家要采取优惠政策,引导、鼓励高等教育毕业生到欠发达地区就业;要重视其他因素对国民经济增长的贡献。This research adopted the American economist Dennison‘s education simplified index method to empirically study the contribution of higher education to the national economic growth in the context of China‘s college expansion,using the national data and data of each province(municipality)during 1999-2010.We concluded that in China,the contribution of higher education to the national economic growth is rather low,that the contribution in different provinces differs,that the contribution rate of higher education is lower than that of elementary education,and that the contribution rate of other elements to the national economic growth is higher than education.This research suggested to 1)develop elementary education and secondary vocational education vigorously and prioritize development on these two fronts;2)develop regular higher education moderately;3)adopt preferential policies to encourage college graduates to work in less developed areas;and 4)take into account the contribution of other elements to the national economic growth.

关 键 词：高等教育 结构调整 办学水平 国民经济增长 贡献率 

分 类 号：G647.3[文化科学—高等教育学]