不同水平排球运动员在扣球情境任务中视觉搜索特征的试验研究  

Experimental Study on Visual Search Features in the Task of Spiking of Different Level Volleyball Players

作　　者：张海斌[1] 孟献峰[1] 张松奎[1] 张大中[1] ZHANG Haibin;MENG Xianfeng;ZHANG Songkui;ZHANG Dazhong(School of PE,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学体育学院,江苏徐州221116

出　　处：《天津体育学院学报》2018年第3期243-250,共8页Journal of Tianjin University of Sport

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(项目编号:2017WB21);教育部人文社会科学研究项目(项目编号:18YJC890058);中国矿业大学双一流建设专项(项目编号:2018WHCC10)

摘　　要：为了深入探索不同水平排球运动员在扣球预判过程中的视觉搜索特征,真实反映排球运动员扣球环节视觉搜索的模式、特点等信息,通过时间阻断和眼动追踪技术相结合的试验来探讨专家组、中间组和初级组之间视觉搜索特征的差异。结果表明:(1)排球运动员的运动水平和扣球位置能够显著影响其视觉搜索预判结果,并成为影响其视觉搜索特征优化的主要因素,专家组在视觉搜索特征表现上显著优于其余2组;(2)专家组在扣球预判过程中能够主动搜索关键运动信息并进行快速加工,其收集运动信息的主要来源区域为球体轨迹和对手位置,专家组的运动信息利用准确率及合理性显著高于其余2组。建议:排球运动员应借鉴专家组的视觉搜索特征进行有针对性的专项化训练。In order to explore the different level of volleyball players in spiking movement characteristics in the process of forecasting,a true reflection of volleyball athletes smash link information such as the mode and characteristics of visual search,blocking and movement through time recording technique of combining the experiments to explore the panel,middle and primary group between the different characteristics of visual search movement.The results showed that:(1)The sport level and the position of the smash ball of volleyball players can significantly affect their visual search results and become the main factors affecting their visual search feature optimization.The expert group was significantly superior to the other two groups in the visual search feature performance.(2)The expert group can actively search and quickly process the key motion information in the process of spike prediction.The main source area of the movement information collected by the expert group was the trajectory of the sphere and the position of the opponent.The accuracy and rationality of the expert group's movement information utilization is significantly higher than the other two groups.Vvolleyball players should use the visual search features of expert group for specific training.

关 键 词：排球运动员 扣球 视觉搜索特征 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]