大巴山国家地质公园珍稀濒危植物资源  

Rare and Endangered Plants in Dabashan National Geopark

作　　者：张桥英 吴勇[1] ZHANG Qiaoying;WU Yong(School of Land and Resources,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637000,China;Institute of Jialing River Basin,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637000,China)

机构地区：[1]西华师范大学国土资源学院,四川南充637000 [2]西华师范大学嘉陵江流域研究所,四川南充637000

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2018年第11期2011-2016,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：四川省国土资源厅科技项目(KJ-2018-15);西华师范大学博士启动项目(17E037);四川省教育厅重点项目(18ZA0462)

摘　　要：珍稀濒危植物是生物多样性和生态系统的重要组成部分,考察研究特定地区的珍稀濒危植物对于区域生物多样性保护、生态环境质量评估及区域生态恢复都具有重要的意义。采用查阅资料、走访和路线踏勘结合植物群落样方调查等方法研究了四川大巴山国家地质公园的珍稀濒危植物种类组成和分布状况,并参照《中国种子植物区系》中划分的属的分布区类型,统计了珍稀濒危植物属的分布区类型及其在同类分布区中的占比,并探讨了该公园珍稀濒危植物的区系特征。结果表明,大巴山国家地质公园有珍稀濒危维管植物67种,隶属36科56属。被《国家重点保护野生植物名录》收录48种,其中Ⅰ级重点保护野生植物5种,Ⅱ级43种;被《中国植物红皮书》(第一批)收录的种类共45种,包括渐危种15种、濒危种7种及稀有物种14种,另有《中国植物红皮书》(第二批)8种。在这67种植物中,崖柏(Thuja sutchuensis)被列为世界自然保护联盟(International Union for Conservation of Nature,IUCN)红色植物名录的极危物种,另有濒危种6种,易危种7种,还有11种为近危或无危种。珍稀濒危植物区系成分复杂多样,共有10种分布区类型,属的分布区以温带成分为主,共41属,是热带成分的3倍之多。起源古老的孑遗物种丰富,且中国特有成分占了非常大的比例,以单型属和寡型属为主,单型属11属,寡种属7属,二者占总属数的32.1%。这与该公园古老的地质构造和奇特的地形地貌密切相关,古老的地质构造为珍稀植物提供了避难所,复杂奇特的地形地貌也为特有物种提供了生存环境。Protecting rare and endangered plants play an important role in preserving biodiversity and ecosystems.Studies on rare,endangered and protected plants are of great significance for biodiversity conservation,environment evaluation and ecological restoration.Based on library references,surveys,and field work,species and their distribution of the rare and endangered plants in Dabashan National Geopark were investigated.According to Flora of Seed Plants in China,the areal-types of the rare and endangered plants were counted,and their percentage to the same type genera was calculated as well.And the floristic characteristics of the rare and endangered plants were analyzed.The results showed that there were 67 species of rare and endangered wild plants in Dabashan National Geopark,belonging to 36 families and 56 genera.Among them,48 species were on the List of Wild Plants Under State Protection(First Batch),with 5 species in classⅠand 43 species in classⅡ.And 45 species were recorded in China Plant Red Data Book(first batch),with 15 species identified as vulnerable,7 species endangered and 14 species rare;and 8 species came from the second batch.According to IUCN Red List of Threatened Species,among the 67 species,Thuja sutchuensis was critically endangered,6 species were endangered and 7 were vulnerable,while 11 species were near threatened or least concern species.The flora was characteristic of extreme diversity,including 10 areal-type,with 41 genera of temperate types,which was three times more than those in tropical ones.Most of the rare and endangered plants were ancient and relic species,and a big amount of them were endemic to China.Among them,there were 11 monotypic genera and 7 oligotypic ones,which accounted for 32.1%of the total genera.The floristic characteristics were related to the ancient geological structure and the unique landform in Dabashan National Geopark.Thanks to the age-long geological structure in this area,these relic species have been sheltered from geological disasters and well preserve

关 键 词：珍稀濒危植物 区系 国家地质公园 生态保护 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] X173[环境科学与工程—环境科学]