不同Cd积累能力大白菜吸收转运Cd的差异性  

Difference in Absorption and Transform of Cd by Brassica pekinensis L. with Different Cd Accumulation Ability

作　　者：杜志鹏 向丹[1,2] 苏德纯 DU Zhipeng;XIANG Dan;SU Dechun(College of Resources and Environment Sciences,China Agricultural University;Beijing 100193,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Prevention,Control and Restoration of Farmland Soil Pollution,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100193 [2]农田土壤污染防控与修复北京市重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2018年第11期2150-2155,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFD0801103);国家自然科学基金项目(41271488)

摘　　要：通过土培(土壤投加3 mg·kg-1 Cd,生长42 d后收获)和水培试验(先无Cd培养30 d,再转入5μmol·L-1 Cd营养液中分别培养18 d,10 d,10 d后再无Cd培养8 d,再收获),研究2个不同Cd积累能力的大白菜(Brassica pekinensis L.)品种(北京小杂55和北京小杂60)吸收和转运Cd的差异,为通过农艺技术措施调控作物Cd积累提供依据。结果表明,在土培和水培条件下,两个白菜品种吸Cd能力表现不同,土培条件下存在显著差异(P<0.05),高积累Cd品种北京小杂55地上部Cd含量比低积累Cd品种北京小杂60高出126%,而水培条件下无显著差异;水培条件下,北京小杂55的转运系数平均比北京小杂60高0.11,且随着生长时间的延长,转运系数增大。2个白菜品种地上部不同叶段Cd含量变化规律均表现为由老叶向新叶逐级递减,但北京小杂55叶片中的Cd主要分配在老叶(平均50.6%),而北京小杂60叶片中的Cd主要分配在中叶(平均42.7%),且北京小杂55将Cd分配到新叶的能力高于北京小杂60。北京小杂55地上部的高Cd积累主要是由于根部吸收土壤Cd能力和从根向地上部的转运能力高所致,控制高积累Cd白菜品种北京小杂55地上部Cd含量应从控制其对土壤Cd吸收和由根向地上部转移这两方面进行。Based on soil cultivation experiments(The soil was added with 3 mg·kg-1 Cd and harvested after 42 days of growth)and hydroponic(Cultured without Cd for 30 days,then transferred into 5μmol·L-1 Cd nutrient solution for 18 days,8 days,8 days after without Cd culture for 10 days,and then harvested),the paper studied the differences in Cd absorption and transportation of two Brassica pekinensis L.cultivars,Beijing Xiaoza 55 and Beijing Xiaoza 60,to provide evidence to agronomic techniques to control Cd accumulation.According to the result,the two cultivars perform differently on Cd absorption under soil and hydroponic cultivation:great differences under soil cultivation(P<0.05),the Cd content in shoots of the high-accumulation Cd variety Beijing Xiaoza 55 was 126%higher than that of the low-accumulation Cd variety Beijing Xiaoza 60,but there was no significant difference under hydroponic conditions.Under water cultivation,high-accumulation Cd cultivar Beijing Xiaoza 55 could transport more Cd from roots to the above-ground parts than that of Beijing Xiaoza 60,and the transport coefficient was higher than that of low accumulation Cd cultivar Beijing Xiao Za 60 with 0.11 on average.Besides,the transport coefficient increased with the prolongation of growth period,Cd content of two cultivars decreased from old leaves to new leaves,but Cd of Beijing Xiaoza 55 mainly spread on old leaves(Average 50.6%),while Cd of Beijing Xiaoza 60 mainly spread on middle ones(Average 42.7%),and Beijing Xiaoza 55 was more capable to spread Cd on new leaves.High Cd accumulation in Beijing xiaoza 55 aboveground is mainly due to high Cd absorbing capacity of soil in root and high transport capacity from root to aboveground,thus the Cd content of aboveground part of Beijing Xiaoza 55 can be controlled by controlling its Cd absorption from soil and transportation to the aboveground part.

关 键 词：大白菜 CD 吸收 转运 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]