南水北调中线水源地高水位蓄水水质变化及污染防治对策  

Analysis of water quality changes and pollution prevention countermeasures for water source region of the middle route of South to North Water Diversion Project

作　　者：万育生 张乐群 黄茁[2] 林莉[2] 吴敏[2] 金海洋 Wan Yusheng;Zhang Lequn;Huang Zhuo;Lin Li;Wu Min;Jin Haiyang

机构地区：[1]南水北调中线水源有限责任公司,丹江口442700 [2]长江水利委员会长江科学院流域水环境研究所,武汉430010

出　　处：《中国水利》2018年第23期27-30,58,共5页China Water Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51409009)

摘　　要：丹江口水库水质是决定南水北调中线工程成效的关键性因素之一,大坝加高首次蓄至高水位必然影响水质。通过对丹江口水库库中4个典型断面及支流2个典型断面2017年全年逐月开展总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)和高锰酸盐指数(COD_(Mn))监测,并与2016年同期水质结果比较,分析大坝加高蓄水后水质变化情况,并从新增消落带污染物的贡献初步讨论蓄水后水质变化原因,最后针对消落带保护和管理提出污染防治对策。结果表明,丹库断面(陶岔和丹库中心)的水质略好于汉库断面(浪河口下和凉水河—台子山),从优到劣基本上为陶岔、丹库中心、凉水河—台子山和浪河口下;蓄水后库中和支流断面的TN、TP和COD_(Mn)等浓度均有不用程度的提高,库中浪河口下和支流断面表现尤为明显;与2016年同期相比,水库水体TN平均高出0.45倍,TP平均高出1.41倍,COD_(Mn)平均高出0.40倍。消落区土壤的"出露—淹没"和支流污染物的汇入可能是造成水库水体水质变差的重要原因。Water quality is one of the key factors to determine the effect of the middle route of South to North Water Diversion Project.The total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP)and CODMn were monitored monthly of 4 typical sections and 2 tributaries typical sections for the Danjiangkou Reservoir in 2017,and compared with the water quality results of the same period in 2016.The reasons for water quality change after impounding are discussed,and Countermeasures for pollution prevention and control were put forward.The results show that the water quality of the section(Tao Cha and the Center of Danjiangkou Reservoir)is slightly better than that of the the Hanjiang Reservoir section(at the lower reaches of the Lang Hekou and the Liangshui river-the Tai Zi mountain).Compared with the same period in 2016,the average concentration of total nitrogen in the reservoir water is 0.45 times higher than that in the same period in 2016,the average of TP is 1.41 times higher and the average of the CODMn is 0.40 times higher.The pollutants leached from the soil of water-level fluctuation zone and the pollutants inflow from tributaries may be the main reasons for the deterioration of water quality in the reservoir.

关 键 词：丹江口水库 蓄水 水质 消落带 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]