水面光伏电站对水域生态环境影响分析与对策  

Influences and Countermeasures of Water Surface Photovoltaic Power Station on Water Ecological Environment

作　　者：郑志伟[1] 史方[1] 彭建华[1] 邹曦[1] 胡莲[1] 潘晓洁[1] ZHENG Zhiwei;SHI Fang;PENG Jianhua;ZOU Xi;HU Lian;PAN Xiaojie(Institute of Hydroecology,Ministry of Water Resources and Chinese Academy of Sciences,Key Laboratory of Ecological Impacts of Hydraulic-Projects and Restoration of Aquatic Ecosystem of Ministry of Water Resources,Wuhan,430079,China)

机构地区：[1]水利部中国科学院水工程生态研究所,水利部水工程生态效应与生态修复重点实验室,武汉430079

出　　处：《三峡生态环境监测》2018年第4期47-50,66,共5页Ecology and Environmental Monitoring of Three Gorges

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0404705)

摘　　要：水面光伏发电作为光伏发电的新形式,近年来受到广泛关注。水面光伏电站项目实施过程中,由于施工作业产生的水体扰动及光伏组件对水面面积的占用,对水域生态环境将产生影响,包括:施工扰动导致局部水域悬浮物浓度短时间内急剧升高,影响水质和水生生物生存,光伏组件的遮光效应对局部水域的浮游生物群落、鱼类种群、沉水植物、水生态系统食物网结构和能量转化效率、水质以及水体自净能力产生影响等。本文根据水面光伏电站的特点,分析了工程实施对水域生态环境的影响,并提出有关对策和建议,为水面光伏电站建设过程中的生态环境保护工作提供依据和参考。As a new form of photovoltaic power generation,water surface photovoltaic power generation has re-ceived extensive attention in recent years.In the implementation process of water surface photovoltaic power plant project,the water disturbance caused by construction operation and the occupation of the surface area of PV modules will affect the water ecological environment.For examples,the construction disturbance causes rap-id increase in concentration of suspended solids in a short time,and affects water quality and aquatic life.The shading effect of photovoltaic modules on water surface affects plankton community,fish population,submerged plant,the food web structure,and energy conversion efficiency of water ecosystem,as well as water quality and water self purification ability,etc.According to characteristics of the surface photovoltaic power station,the influ-ence of its engineering implementation on water environment was analyzed in this paper.Some countermeasures and suggestions were put forward to provide a basis and reference for the protection of ecological environment in the construction process of the power station.

关 键 词：水面光伏电站 水域生态 环境影响 对策 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] S141[农业科学—肥料学]