含钾硝水盐体系降温过程研究  

Study on cooling process of salt-water system with potassium and nitrate

作　　者：严雪鸿 黄雪莉[1] 刘侠侠 王雪莹[1] Yan Xuehong;Huang Xueli;Liu Xiaxia;Wang Xueying(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cleaner Transition of Coal&Chemical Process,College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi830046,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆煤炭洁净转化与化工过程重点实验室,新疆大学化学化工学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830046

出　　处：《无机盐工业》2018年第12期17-20,共4页Inorganic Chemicals Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(21166022).

摘　　要：盐湖地区通常冬季冷能资源丰富,研究低温下盐湖卤水的相关系以及析盐规律可为开发盐湖资源低温加工工艺提供理论指导。针对新疆硝酸盐型盐湖矿物浸取液所属的水盐体系Na+,K+∥Cl-,SO42-,NO3--H2O进行了自然降温和人工降温实验,研究了不同组成的硝酸盐水盐体系在降温过程中的液相组成变化和析盐规律。研究表明:相同组成的卤水体系,降温速度在一定范围内对盐类结晶规律的影响不大;组成不同的卤水体系,降温过程中盐析规律表现不同;位于Na2SO4·10H2O结晶区的卤水,快速降温能够避免或减少钾芒硝和钠硝矾复盐的析出;硝酸盐含量偏高的卤水,过低的温度会导致硝酸钾或硝酸钠析出;降温至-15℃时,硫酸根的去除率可以达到94%。The cold energy resource is abundant in salt lake area in winter.Study on solubilities and crystallization of salt lake brine at low temperature can provide theoretical guidance for the development of low temperature processing technology of salt lake resources.The investigation on the change of liquid composition and crystallization law was carried out for the Na^+,K^+∥Cl^-,SO4^2-,NO3-^-H2O system,which belonged to the brine leached from nitrate type mine in Xinjiang,with different compositions at the processes of natural cooling and artificial cooling,respectively.Results showed that,for the brines with the same composition,the cooling rate had little effect on the crystallization law in a certain extent,whereas for different ones,the crystallization law was different in cooling procession.The brine located in the Na2SO4·10H2O crystalline region,through the rapid cooling,the precipitation of K3Na(SO4)2and NaNO3·Na2SO4·H2O could be avoided or reduced.For the brine with high content of nitrate,too low temperature could lead to the precipitation of potassium nitrate or sodium nitrate.When the temperature dropped to-15℃,the removal ratio of SO42-could reach94%.

关 键 词：盐湖卤水 硝酸盐水盐体系 低温相平衡 降温结晶 

分 类 号：TS392[轻工技术与工程]