盐碱胁迫对菊芋块茎萌发及幼苗生长的影响  

Effect of saline-alkali stress on tuber germination and seedling growth of Helianthus tuberosus

作　　者：高凯[1] 高阳[1] 朱铁霞[1] 滕爱娣[1] GAO Kai;GAO Yang;ZHU Tiexia;TENG Aidi(Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao 028043, Inner Mongolia,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古民族大学农学院,内蒙古通辽028043

出　　处：《草业科学》2018年第12期2915-2923,共9页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31560672);内蒙古科技英才项目(NJYT15B17);内蒙古自治区青年创新拔尖人才项目(2015QNCXRCO2);内蒙古自治区草原英才项目(第七批)

摘　　要：通过对不同盐碱胁迫下菊芋(Helianthus tuberosus)块茎发芽率、幼苗株高、叶片数量、叶面积等相关指标测定,探讨盐碱胁迫对块茎萌发及幼苗生长的影响,为菊芋在盐碱化土地上的栽培管理提供参考。结果表明,菊芋块茎随着盐浓度的增加发芽率降低,萌发速度指数先升高后降低,盐浓度100 mmol·L-1条件下,获得最大值152.06;300mmol·L-1条件下,获得最小值45.06;菊芋株高、叶片数量、叶片重、叶面积、叶柄重、茎秆重、茎秆直径、主根直径、须根直径、主根重、须根重、主根长度、一级须根、二级须根均随着盐浓度的增加而降低。菊芋块茎随着pH的增加发芽率先升再降后升,萌发速度指数升高。pH 7～10时,萌发速度指数范围为90.56～113.44;随着pH的增加,株高、叶片数量、叶面积、茎秆直径、主根直径、一级须根直径、主根长、一级须根长和二级须根长逐渐升高,而叶片、叶柄、茎秆、主根及须根重量值逐渐降低。To examine the effects of saline-alkali stress on tuber germination and seedling growth of the Jerusalem artichoke,we tested the germination rate,plant height,leaf number,leaf weight,leaf area,petiole weight,and stem weight under different saline-alkali stress conditions to provide a reference for the adaptations of different ecological and environmental mechanisms and the development of the Jerusalem artichoke.The results showed that the germination rate gradually decreased,and the germination rate index first increased and then decreased with an increase in salt concentration;the largest value was152.06in100mmol·L^-1,and the lowest value was45.06in300mmol·L^-1.The germination rate increased,decreased,and then increased,and the germination rate index gradually increased with an increase in pH;the range was90.56~113.44for a pH between7and10.Increasing pH caused an increase in plant height,leaf number,and leaf area,a decrease in leaf weight,petiole weight,stem weight,root weight,and taproot,and stem diameter,root diameter,and root length became larger.There was a gradual decrease in plant height,leaf number,leaf weight,leaf area,stem weight,root diameter,and root length with an increase in salt concentration.In summary,saline-alkali stress influenced the germination rate,germination index,seedling growth,and the morphological index of seedlings of the jerusalem artichoke.We confirmed that plant growth retardation and development was caused by the saline-alkali stress.

关 键 词：菊芋 萌发 幼苗 盐碱胁迫 块茎 根系 叶片 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学] Q945.34