有机肥和土壤调理剂对中稻的降镉效应  

Effects of Organic Fertilizer and Soil Conditioner on Cadmium Reduction in Middle-season Rice

作　　者：薛毅 盛浩[1] 张亮[1] 段良霞 宋达清 黄得志 周清[1] XUE Yi;SHENG Hao;ZHANG Liang;DUAN Liang-xia;SONG Da-qing;HUANG De-zhi;ZHOU Qing(Institute of Soil Science,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,PRC;Soil and Fertilizer Station of Zhuzhou City,Zhuzhou 412000,PRC)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学土壤研究所,湖南长沙410128 [2]株洲市土肥站,湖南株洲412000

出　　处：《湖南农业科学》2018年第11期42-45,共4页Hunan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南省农业委员会项目(农业部农办财函[2015]38号);湖南农业大学大学生科技创新项目(2018ZK28)

摘　　要：为了解施有机肥和土壤调理剂在中稻田的降镉(Cd)效果,选取湘东典型的紫泥田,连续2 a施商品有机肥和土壤调理剂,监测中稻植株、土壤中Cd含量以及土壤理化性质的动态变化,研究施有机肥和调理剂对中稻生态系统的整体降Cd效应。结果表明:2015年施有机肥降低糙米Cd含量38%,施用土壤调理剂效果不明显,但施有机肥和土壤调理剂提高了稻草Cd含量18%和64%,2016年施用有机肥和土壤调理剂分别降低糙米Cd含量12%和38%;除2016年施有机肥齐穗期的结果外,土壤有效态Cd含量在分蘖期和齐穗期呈下降趋势,但在黄熟期有升高的趋势,最高升高幅度达14%;施有机肥和土壤调理剂还分别提升土壤pH值0.05～0.52个单位和0.29～0.87个单位,具有实现中稻田稻米降Cd,酸化水稻土改良的"双赢"效果。In order to understand the effect of applying organic fertilizer and soil conditioner on reducing cadmium(Cd)in middle-season paddy field,a typical purple mud field in eastern Hunan Province was selected to apply commercial organic fertilizer and soil conditioner for two consecutive years to monitor the dynamic changes of Cd content and soil physical and chemical properties in middle-season rice plants and soils,and to study the overall Cd reduction effects of applying organic fertilizer and soil conditioner on rice ecosystem.The results showed that the application of organic fertilizer reduced the Cd content of brown rice by 38%in 2015,while the application of soil conditioner had no obvious effect.However,the application of organic fertilizer and soil conditioner increased the Cd content of rice straw by 18%and 64%,and the application of organic fertilizer and soil conditioner reduced the Cd content of brown rice by 12%and 38%in 2016,respectively.In addition to the results of full heading stage of organic fertilizer application in 2016,the available Cd content in soil decreased at tillering stage and full heading stage,but increased at yellow ripening stage,with a maximum increase of 14%.The application of organic fertilizer and soil conditioner also increased the soil pH value by 0.05-0.52 units and 0.29-0.87 units respectively,which had the"win-win"effect of reducing Cd and improving acidified paddy soil.

关 键 词：有机肥 土壤调理剂 水稻 土壤镉污染 

分 类 号：X144[环境科学与工程—环境科学]