负性情绪对典型航天任务绩效的影响  

Effects of Negative Emotional States on Performance of Typical Space Tasks

作　　者：李启杰 王宏伟[1] 莫言[1] 姜劲[1] LI Qijie;WANG Hongwei;MO Yan;JIANG Jin(China Astronaut Research and Training Center,Beijing 100094,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天员科研训练中心,北京100094

出　　处：《载人航天》2018年第6期751-758,共8页Manned Spaceflight

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81671861);中国航天员科研训练中心国防重点实验室实验技术课题(9140C770208150C77320;2012SY54B1701)

摘　　要：为了研究负性情绪对典型航天任务绩效的影响规律,利用MATB任务平台的监督任务和跟踪任务模拟典型航天任务,采用情绪视频诱发负性和中性情绪状态,通过任务绩效和主观量表评价来研究负性情绪状态对典型航天任务实验绩效的影响。研究发现监督任务和跟踪任务的绩效随任务负荷增加而下降,负性情绪状态和任务负荷对监督任务的ACC绩效指标有显著交互作用,情绪状态对跟踪任务绩效存在显著影响;监督任务绩效在较高任务负荷时负性情绪状态的任务绩效低于中性情绪状态;较高任务负荷水平的跟踪任务绩效和操作者工作负荷水平易受情绪状态影响,相较于中性情绪状态而恶化;情绪状态对任务绩效的影响与任务类型和任务负荷相关,涉及较高任务负荷的复杂认知任务受情绪状态的影响强度更高。To study the influence of negative emotional states on the performance of space tasks,the monitoring and tracking tasks of the MATB mission platform were used to simulate the space tasks,and the emotional videos were used to induce neutral or negative emotional states.The effects of neutral and negative emotional states on the performance of space tasks were explored by subjective scale rating and the performance index.The study showed that the performance of the monitoring task and the tracking task decreased as the workload increased.Although the negative emotional state had no significant influence on the performance of the monitoring tasks,the negative emotional state significantly reduced the performance of the tracking tasks.For higher workloads,the performance of monitoring tasks was lower under negative emotional state than that under the neutral emotional state.While the performance of tracking task and operator's workload levels were susceptible to emotional state at higher workloads.The impact of emotional state on task performance was related to the task type and workload.Complex cognitive tasks involving higher workloads were more easily affected by the emotional state.

关 键 词：负性情绪 任务绩效 脑力负荷 任务负荷 

分 类 号：TB18[一般工业技术]