基于竹节结构的保险杠横梁仿生优化及仿真分析  

Bionic design optimization and simulation analysis of bumper beam inspired by the structure of Bamboo Node

作　　者：林云成[1] 宋家锋 刘升福 邹猛 LIN Yuncheng;SONG Jiafeng;LIU Shengfu;ZOU Meng(China Academy of Space Technology (CAST), Institute of Spacecraft System Engineering, Beijing 100094,China;Key Laboratory for Bionics Engineering of Education Ministry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China)

机构地区：[1]北京空间飞行器总体设计部,北京100094 [2]工程仿生教育部重点实验室,吉林大学,长春130022

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2018年第4期410-417,共8页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51305159,51775233)

摘　　要：为提高汽车保险杠的耐撞性和轻量化,基于工程仿生学和冲击动力学原理,本文根据竹子茎秆以及竹节结构特征,设计了3类共6种仿生保险杠横梁结构。在准静态条件下进行了5 mm/min压缩试验,试验与仿真中的载荷曲线基本吻合,峰值载荷误差仅为3.9%,验证了仿真分析的有效性;采用Hypermesh和LS-DYNA有限元软件对6种仿生保险杠横梁进行了正面100%碰撞仿真分析。结果表明:仿生1型(带有仿生筋板)横梁的比吸能(SEA)最高,较原横梁结构提高了13.85%,同时较原横梁的质量少23.82%。仿生筋板和仿生变间距是其中较好的仿生设计方法,其相应的横梁较普通横梁峰值载荷低,比吸能高,质量也较普通横梁低,且具有更好的变形模式。Based on the principles of engineering bionics and impact dynamics,3bionic design methods,which included6kinds of bumper beam,were introduced for enhancing the bumper’s crashworthiness to improve the crashworthiness and lightweight of bumpers.5mm/min compression test was carried out under quasi-static condition.The test and simulation load curve were basically consistent,and the peak force error was only3.9%,which verified the effectiveness of simulation analysis;the100%overlap front impact was simulated by the software of Hypermesh and LS-DYNA.The results show that the bionic bumper beam1,which includes bionic ribs,has the higher specific energy absorption(SEA)than original bumper beam by13.85%.And here is a mass reduction for bionic bumper beam by23.82%.The better bionic design methods are bionic rib and bionic variable spacing among those bionic methods.The corresponding bumper beam has lower peak load,higher energy absorption and lower mass than normal bumper beam,which also has better deformation mode.

关 键 词：汽车安全 被动安全 保险杠 仿生设计 竹材 吸能 

分 类 号：U467.14[机械工程—车辆工程]