不同丹系基因比例三元杂交商品猪的生长和屠宰性能比较  

Comparative Study on Growth and Carcass Performance of Three-way Cross Hybrid Pig Produced by Different Lines of Duroc Boar and Danish Sow

作　　者：赵云翔 李私丞 彭兴 朱琳 江威 刘沁沅 张从林 刘小红[3] ZHAO Yunxiang;LI Sicheng;PENG Xing;ZHU Lin;JIANG Wei;LIU Qinyuan;ZHANG Conglin;LIU Xiaohong(College of Life Science and Engineering,Foshan University,Foshan528000,China;Guangxi Yangxiang Agriculture and Husbandry Co.,LTD.,Guigang537100,China;School of Life Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou510475,China)

机构地区：[1]佛山科学技术学院生命科学与工程学院,广东佛山528000 [2]广西扬翔农牧有限责任公司,广西贵港537100 [3]中山大学生命科学学院,广东广州510475

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2018年第12期126-131,共6页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系项目(CARS-36);广东省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(2018LM1137);广西创新驱动发展专项资金项目(桂科AA17204029)

摘　　要：为比较不同品系杜洛克公猪与丹系二元杂交母猪配套生产的三元杂交商品猪的生长性能、抗病性和采食、屠宰、肉质性状之间差异,采用美系杜洛克、50%丹系杜洛克和100%丹系杜洛克公猪分别与丹系二元杂交母猪配套生产三元杂交商品猪(分别具有50%丹系血统、75%丹系血统和100%丹系血统),在相同批次分娩且在相同饲喂环境和饲养管理条件下跟踪测定。结果显示:出生至断奶日增体质量依次为50%丹系血统(0. 224 kg/d)> 75%丹系血统(0. 212 kg/d)> 100%丹系血统(0. 200 kg/d),且50%丹系血统显著高于100%丹系血统。断奶至体质量30 kg日增体质量依次为:50%丹系血统(0. 384 kg/d)>75%丹系血统(0. 335 kg/d)>100%丹系血统(0. 319 kg/d),且50%丹系血统极显著高于75%和100%丹系血统。校正100 kg体质量日龄依次为50%丹系血统(156. 8 d)> 75%丹系血统(156. 2 d)> 100%丹系血统(153. 0 d),且100%丹系血统显著低于50%和75%丹系血统。100%丹系血统三元杂交商品猪的全程死淘率(6. 94%)高于50%丹系血统(2. 84%)和75%丹系血统(2. 84%)。饲养前期每头商品猪的平均日采食量依次为50%丹系血统>75%丹系血统> 100%丹系血统,饲养中后期每头商品猪的平均日采食量依次为50%丹系血统>100%丹系血统> 75%丹系血统。不同品系终端杜洛克父本生产的三元杂交商品猪的屠宰率、瘦肉率、背膘厚和眼肌面积差异不显著。小肠长度依次为100%丹系血统(23. 64 m)> 75%丹系血统(20. 40 m)> 50%丹系血统(19. 99 m),且100%丹系血统与50%和75%丹系血统的差异均显著。不同品系三元杂交商品猪各肉质性状差异不显著。综上,100%丹系商品猪生长速度有明显优势,但在屠宰率方面无显著优势,商品猪生产企业可利用不同比例的丹系基因进行配套生产商品猪以满足市场需求。In order to compare the differences among production trait,disease resistance,feeding trait carcass trait and meat quality trait of three way cross hybrid pigs produced by different line of Duroc boar.The US Duroc,50%Danish Duroc and Danish Duroc were crossed with Danish LY or YL sow to produce three way cross hybrid pigs(100%Danish pedigree,75%Danish pedigree,50%Danish pedigree),respectively.Tracking in the same childbirth batch,under the same feeding environment and feeding management conditions.The results showed that the average daily gain from birth to weaning was50%Danish line(0.224kg/d)>75%Danish line(0.212kg/d)>100%Danish line(0.200kg/d),and50%Danish line was significantly higher than100%Danish line.The average daily gain of weaning to30kg was50%Danish line(0.384kg/d)>75%Danish line(0.335kg/d)>100%Danish line(0.319kg/d),and50%Danish line was significantly higher than75%and100%Danish line.Adjust for100kg body age was50%Danish line(156.8d)>75%Danish line(156.2d)>100%Danish line(153.0d),and100%Danish line was significantly lower than50%and75%Danish line.The mortality of100%Danish line(6.94%)was higher than50%(2.84%)and75%Danish line(2.84%).In early feeding stage,the average daily intake of pig was50%Danish line>75%Danish line>100%Danish line,but average daily intake in mid and late feeding period was50%Danish line>100%Danish line>75%Danish line.The traits of slaughter rate,lean meat rate,back fat thickness and eye muscle area had no significant difference among the lines.The length of small intestine was100%Danish line(23.64m)>75%Danish line(20.40m)>50%Danish line(19.99m),and100%Danish line was significantly longer than50%and75%Danish line.The different lines of three way cross hybrid pigs were no significant differences in meat quality traits.In summary,the growth rate of the100%Danish line had obvious advantages,but slaughter rate had no advantages.In order to meet market demand,hog production enterprises can carry out different crossbreeding combination by Danish line.

关 键 词：丹系二元杂交母猪 三元杂交商品猪 生长性能 胴体性状 肉质性状 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]