小药量内爆情况下双壳体碎片飞散速度的理论分析  

Theoretical Analysis on Flying Velocity of Double Layer Fragments Driven by Small Charge Ratio Explosion

作　　者：卢芳云[1] 李翔城 文学军 陈荣 曹雷 LU Fang-yun;LI Xiang-cheng;WEN Xue-jun;CHEN Rong;CAO Lei(College of Arts and Sciences,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha410073,China;Academy of Rocket Force,Beijing100085,China;Logistics University of Armed Police Force,Tianjin300309,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学文理学院,长沙410073 [2]火箭军研究院,北京100085 [3]武警后勤学院,天津300309

出　　处：《现代应用物理》2018年第4期25-31,共7页Modern Applied Physics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(11132012)

摘　　要：柔爆索是航天运载器爆炸分离装置的能量来源,分离过程涉及小装药比情况下爆炸驱动外围壳体的飞散问题。一般认为,Gurney公式不适用于计算小装药比情况下壳体的飞散速度。为了分析分离碎片的飞散特性,基于柔爆索爆炸做功的三阶段分析,提出了计算壳体碎片飞散速度的理论方法,并通过与实验结果和数值模拟结果的对比,分析讨论了理论方法的适用性。结果表明,装药质量比是影响柔爆索爆炸驱动壳体碎片飞散速度的主要因素,装药质量比越大,最终碎片飞散速度越大;同时,双层壳体的存在使得碎片驱动初期的两段效应凸显出来,说明提出的分析模型与实际结果比较接近。Gurney公式不适用计算装药比小于0.01的碎片飞散速度。Mild detonating fuse(MDF)is a type of power resource used in explosive separation process during aerospace launching.The separation process involves the fragment flying velocity of the explosive driven outer shell under small-charge ratio.It is generally believed that the Gurney formula is not suitable for calculating the fragment flying velocity of the shell with small-charge ratio.To study the fragment velocity at this situation,a theoretical method for calculating the fragment flying velocity of shell is proposed based on three stages of process on MDF explosion.The applicability of the theoretical method is discussed by comparing with the experimental results and the numerical ones.The results show that the charge ratio is the main factor affecting the fragment flying velocity of shell driven by MDF explosion.The larger the charge ratio,the higher the final velocity of the fragments.At the same time,the two-stage effect of fragments is highlighted because of the double-layer shell,and the model considering the effect is closer to the actual results.In addition,the Gurney formula becomes obviously unavailable if the charge ratio is about less than 0.01.

关 键 词：柔爆索 圆筒模型 Gurney公式 动量守恒 装药质量比 

分 类 号：O383[理学—流体力学]