抽薹装置定位钩改进减小蒜薹抽提力提高效率  

Improvement for positioning hook of bolting device reducing bolting force and improving efficiency for garlic bolt

作　　者：王崇华[1] Wang Chonghua(Henan Agricultural Vocational College,Zhengzhou 451450,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业职业学院,郑州451450

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2019年第1期46-51,共6页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：农业部植物营养与肥料学科群开放基金(APF2015009)

摘　　要：针对传统抽薹装置抽薹时抽提力较大、抽提效率低问题,该文对抽薹装置的定位钩进行了改进,并制作了钩提抽薹装置。为了解2种抽薹装置的抽薹效果,开展了2种装置(传统抽薹装置和钩提抽薹装置)在不同时段(早上、上午、下午)及降雨条件下对抽提力度、蒜薹及大蒜产量影响的试验。经过对多个指标测定和方差分析,结果表明:采用钩提抽薹装置能降低抽薹拉力,提高抽薹的稳定性和抽薹效率,并且不会造成蒜头产量下降,上午、早上及降雨条件下是抽薹的最佳时期,特别是降雨条件下,薹长和出薹率最高,分别达到47.7 cm和99.7%,蒜薹产量达到5 222.22 kg/hm^2。综合来看,蒜薹抽提的最佳方案:采用钩提抽薹装置,早上和上午进行抽提,如遇降雨条件,尽量进行抽提。研究结果可为蒜农抽薹提供依据,并为蒜薹抽提的机械化研究提供理论基础。Aiming at low efficiency and low bolting rate,garlic bolt positioning laboriously and time-consuming in bolting process by the traditional garlic bolting device,a kind of garlic bolting device with hook was designed by measuring the stem diameter.The comparative experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of traditional bolting device and bolting device with hook on bolting force,garlic bolt and garlic yield under different time and rainfall conditions.Eight treatments were conducted,in which 2 bolting devices were provided for 4 weather conditions of early morning,morning and afternoon as well as rainfall condition.The traditional garlic bolting device consisted of a handle,a metal rod and a metal nail,and the angle between the metal nail and the metal rod was 90°.The bolting device with hook consisted of 4 parts:handle,metal rod,positioning design and metal hook,with the angle between metal rod and positioning design ranging from 135 to 180,and the plane formed by the metal rod and positioning design was perpendicular to the plane formed by the positioning design and the sharp metal hook.Garlic bolt was broken by metal nail of the traditional garlic bolting device,through the observing the position of the metal nails to the middle of the garlic stem while pinching the handle with one hand and bolting the garlic bolt with the other hand.While the garlic bolt was broken by the metal hook by placing the metal hook to the middle of the garlic stem using positioning device and hook with one hand,and bolting the bolt with the other hand.The bolt hole pierced by nailwas smaller and much easilyblockedleading the bolting force too large using traditional bolting device,while the hole was larger and not easily blocked,so that the internal and external pressure of the garlic stem was always consistent using bolting device with hook.The hole was done by Lever action using traditional bolting device,while the hole was done directly through bolting force bolting device with hook.By testing various indices

关 键 词：收获机 农业机械 设计 蒜薹 抽薹装置 不同时段 降雨 产量 

分 类 号：S220.2[农业科学—农业机械化工程] S221[农业科学—农业工程]