刑法司法解释中并罚数罪的类型及其反思  

Types and Reflections of Combinative Punishment Interpretation in Criminal Law

作　　者：石聚航[1] 胡晓燕 SHI Ju-hang;HU Xiao-yan(School of Law,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China;School of Marxist,Nanchang Engineering College,Nanchang 330148,China)

机构地区：[1]南昌大学法学院,江西南昌330031 [2]南昌工学院马克思主义学院,江西南昌330148

出　　处：《南昌大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2018年第6期64-72,共9页Journal of Nanchang University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：江西省社科规划项目"刑法积极主义及其法治限度研究"(18FX03)

摘　　要：刑法理论通说采取构成要件齐备说作为认定数罪的依据并不合理,并且方法上缺乏实证性。以刑法司法解释为样本进行实证研究,发现笼统地采取构成要件标准说会导致一行为构成数罪的不合理情况。现行刑法司法解释中并罚的数罪可分为一行为的并罚和数行为的并罚。前者主要存在走私罪、非法采矿罪和事故类犯罪中;后者包括同种数罪的并罚和异种数罪的并罚。司法解释关于并罚数罪的立场表明,刑事政策大量渗透刑法规范,导致并罚的数罪的标准缺乏统一性。基于刑法行为规制机能的考虑,应当注重规范评价不背离客观事实的刑法自然主义立场,取消并罚数罪中的特别规定,数行为侵犯同一法益时应当按照一罪处理,基于刑事政策考虑的数罪处理应当结合犯罪行为的具体构造区别判断。The general theory of criminal law adopts the theory of complete constituent elements as the basis for identifying several crimes,which is unreasonable and lacks of empirical method.Taking the judicial interpretation of criminal law as a sample for empirical research,it is found that adopting the criterion of constituent elements in a general way will lead to the unreasonable situation of " one act constitutes several crimes".In the current judicial interpretation of criminal law,concurrent punishment for several crimes can be divided into " concurrent punishment for one act" and " concurrent punishment for several acts".The former mainly exists in the crimes of smuggling,illegal mining and accidents.The latter includes the concurrent punishment of the same kind of several crimes and the concurrent punishment of the different kinds of several crimes. Judicial interpretation of the position on concurrent punishment of several crimes shows that a large number of criminal policies infiltrate the criminal law norms,resulting in the lack of uniformity of the standard of concurrent punishment of several crimes.Considering the regulatory function of criminal acts,we should pay attention to the naturalistic standpoint of criminal law that normative evaluation does not deviate from objective facts,cancel the special provisions of several crimes and punish them.When several acts violate the same legal interests,they should be treated as one crime.Based on the consideration of criminal policy,the treatment of multiple crimes should be judged differently according to the specific structure of criminal acts.

关 键 词：刑法司法解释 并罚的数罪 适用类型 

分 类 号：D924.1[政治法律—刑法学]