北方草原露天煤矿区植被退化因素分析  

Analysis for Vegetation Degradation Factors in Opencast Coal Mines in Northern Grass-Land Area,China

作　　者：于昊辰 牟守国[1] 卞正富[1] 侯竟 吴颖菊 王小予 周佳 YUHao.chen;MU Shou-guo;BIAN Zheng-fu;HOU Jing;WU Ying-ju;WANG Xiao-yu;ZHOU Jia(School of Environment Science and Spatial Informatics,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;School of Resource and Geosciences,China University of Mining and Technology,Xuzhou 221116,China;Nanjing Institute of Geography&Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学环境与测绘学院,江苏徐州221116 [2]中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院,江苏徐州221116 [3]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《生态与农村环境学报》2019年第1期1-8,共8页Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment

基　　金：国家科技基础性工作专项(2014FY110800)

摘　　要：露天煤矿区植被退化问题日益严峻且对环境影响较大,确定植被退化主控因素并实施精准防治意义重大。为此,选取胜利与平庄露天矿区作为研究区域,以归一化植被指数(normalized difference vegetation index,NDVI)反映植被退化程度。同时,将熵权法引入灰色关联分析来构建熵权灰色关联模型,利用该模型分析NDVI值与挖损、压占、沙漠化和土壤侵蚀4个因素的关联性,根据各因素的关联性排序确定引起植被退化的主控因素。结果表明:(1)胜利矿区不同因素熵权关联序排序为压占(熵权关联度为0. 294 7)>沙漠化(0. 155 5)>挖损(0. 151 0)>土壤侵蚀(0. 119 3),平庄矿区则为挖损(0. 169 3)>压占(0. 163 7)>土壤侵蚀(0. 150 5)>沙漠化(0. 103 4);(2)露天煤矿区植被退化最直接、最严重的影响因素是土地挖损、压占;(3)沙漠化、土壤侵蚀2项因素对植被退化影响比挖损、压占因素小,但亦不容忽视。基于研究结果提出了相应措施,有助于避免植被退化防治的盲目性。The vegetation degradation in opencast coal mines is increasingly serious,which causes impacts on the environment.Therefore,it is of great significance to determine the main factors of vegetation degradation so as to implement precision prevention.Shengli and Pingzhuang coal mines were selected as study areas.Normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)was employed to indicate vegetation degradation.The entropy weight was integrated with grey relational analysis to establish the entropy-grey relation model by which the relativity between NDVI and land excavation,land occupation,desertification and soil erosion were analyzed.The main factors of land degradation were determined based on the rank of relativity.The results show that:(1)The ranking of relativity of different factors in Shengli coal mine area is:land occupation(0.294 7) >desertification(0.155 5) >land excavation(0.151 0) >soil erosion(0.119 3);while in Pingzhuang coal mining area is:land excavation(0.169 3) >land occupation(0.163 7) >soil erosion(0.150 5) >desertification(0.103 4).(2)The main factors of vegetation degradation in opencast coal mines are land excavation and land occupation.(3)Although the factors of desertification and soil erosion have less impact on vegetation degradation than land excavation and land occupation,they should not be ignored.Some measures have been proposed based on the results,which could help to avoid blindness during the prevention of vegetation degradation.

关 键 词：植被退化 熵权灰色关联 因素分析 露天煤矿区 

分 类 号：X171.4[环境科学与工程—环境科学]