城市轨道交通车站节假日售票组织优化模型研究  

An Optimization Model of Subway Station Ticketing during Holidays

作　　者：龙思慧 丁勇[1] LONG Sihui;DING Yong(School of Traffic and Transportation,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学交通运输学院,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道运输与经济》2019年第1期116-120,共5页Railway Transport and Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目(71390332);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2015JBM129)

摘　　要：为解决城市轨道交通车站节假日乘客购票需求与售票系统能力不匹配的问题,分析不同类型售票设备特点,以乘客等待时间费用与运营管理费用总和最小为优化目标,以服务强度、排队队长及售票设备数量为约束,综合考虑企业运营成本与服务水平,构建城市轨道交通车站节假日售票组织优化模型,采用边际分析法获得全日各时段不同类型售票设备开放数量的组织方案。以西安城市轨道交通小寨站节假日客流为例,应用车站节假日售票组织优化模型计算得到售票组织优化方案。结果表明,城市轨道交通车站节假日售票组织优化模型的应用,能够在有效缩短乘客等待时间的基础上提高售票系统总体效益。The capacity of ticketing system cannot meet passengers’demand in the subway stations during holidays.To solve this problem,this paper proposes a mathematical model for optimizing the ticketing organization in the subway station,based on analysis of the characteristics of different types of ticketing equipment,with the purpose of minimizing the total cost of passenger waiting time and operation cost,and the constraints of the service intensity,the queuing length and the number of ticketing machines,also considering the balance between the operating cost and service level of the operating company.The marginal analysis method is designed to optimize the organization schemes on the number of different ticketing machines during the different time periods in a day.The proposed method is applied in a case study based on the real data of passenger flow on Xiaozhai station of Xian subway.The results show that the application of the model helps effectively reduce the passengers’waiting time and improves the overall benefits of the ticketing system.

关 键 词：城市轨道交通 售票组织 排队论 边际分析法 WinQSB 

分 类 号：U23192[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]