福建省安海湾、围头湾海域表层沉积物重金属含量分布特征及潜在生态风险评价  

Heavy metal distribution and potential ecological risk assessment on surface sediments of Anhai Bay and Weitou Bay,Fujian

作　　者：熊慧 杨丽虹[1] 邓永智[1] XIONG Hui;YANG Li-hong;DENG Yong-zhi(College of Ocean and Earth Sciences,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学海洋与地球学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《应用海洋学学报》2019年第1期68-74,共7页Journal of Applied Oceanography

摘　　要：对2017年4月采集的安海湾、围头湾表层沉积物中7种重金属Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb含量进行测定,结果显示,这7种重金属的含量平均值依次为96. 99、13. 35、33. 53、39. 68、132. 87、0. 17、39. 10μg/g;除Co外,其它重金属含量平面分布总体呈现由西北向东南降低的趋势,在靠近陆域的东南部有少量回升,可能与陆源输入有关,Co的分布特征没有明显的规律性;调查站位中Cd和Pb含量均符合第一类海洋沉积物标准,Cr、Cu和Zn含量符合第一类海洋沉积物标准的站位分别占35%、71%、71%,其余站位符合第二、三类海洋沉积物标准.利用主成分分析法分析安海湾、围头湾中重金属的主要来源,结果显示,Cr、Cu、Zn、Cd和Pb主要来源于人为排污输入,Ni主要来源于岩石风化等地球化学过程和人为排污输入,Co主要来源于岩石风化等地球化学过程.采用潜在生态危害指数法评价安海湾、围头湾重金属污染程度和潜在生态危害,结果显示,研究区域内的综合潜在生态风险评价为强生态危害,应该采取相应措施控制污染源加强环境保护.We measured 7 heavy metals (Cr,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Cd and Pb) in surface sediments of Anhai Bay and Weitou Bay in April 2017.The results showed that the average concentration of Cr,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,Cd and Pb are 96.99,13.35,33.53,39.68,132.87,0.17 and 39.10 μg/g,respectively.The distributions of heavy metals showed a decreasing tendency from the northwest to the southeast,with a slight increment near the shore in the southeast areas we studied.It is suggested that it is from the input of terrestrial sources.However,the trend is not so obvious for the Co distribution.The concentrations of Cd and Pb in all of the sampled stations were classified as the first grade by national standard Marine Sediment Quality.At 35%,71% and 71% of the studied stations the concentrations of Cr,Cu and Zn were met the first grade by the Marine Sediment Quality.Thus,the remaining stations only met the second or the third grade.We used principal component analyze to analysis the source of heavy metals in Anhai Bay and Weitou Bay.The results showed that the sources of Cr,Cu,Zn,Cd and Pb were associated with the anthropogenic sewage input.The source of Ni was mostly from the weathering during the geochemical process besides the anthropogenic input while the source of Co is mainly due to the weathering in the bays.The potential ecological risk index is used to evaluate the contamination degree of heavy metals and the potential influence in Anhai Bay and Weitou Bay.The result showed there was a strong ecological risk in the studied area where the measures should be taken to control the sources of heavy metal pollution and to strengthen the environmental protection.

关 键 词：海洋化学 表层沉积物 重金属 主成分分析法 潜在生态风险评价 安海湾 围头湾 

分 类 号：P734[天文地球—海洋化学]