饲粮直链/支链淀粉比对育肥猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、肠道食糜菌群数量与挥发性脂肪酸浓度以及肌内脂肪含量的影响  

Effects of Dietary Amylose/Amylopectin Ratio on Growth Performance,Nutrient Apparent Dgestibility,Intestinal Microflora Number and Volatile Fatty Acid Concentrations and Intramuscular Fat Content of Finishing Pigs

作　　者：蒲俊宁 王华杰 陈代文[1] 田刚[1] 何军[1] 郑萍[1] 毛湘冰[1] 虞洁[1] 黄志清[1] 罗钧秋[1] 罗玉衡[1] 余冰[1] PU Junning;WANG Huajie;CHEN Daiwen;TIAN Gang;HE Jun;ZHENG Ping;MAO Xiangbing;YU Jie;HUANG Zhiqing;LUO Junqiu;LUO Yuheng;YU Bing(Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of Ministry of Education,Institute of Animal Nutrition,Sichuan Agricultural University,Ya'an 625014,China)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学动物营养研究所,动物抗病营养教育部重点实验室,雅安625014

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2018年第12期4874-4885,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD13B01);国家973项目(2012CB124701)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究饲粮直链/支链淀粉比对育肥猪生长性能、营养物质表观消化率、肠道食糜菌群数量与挥发性脂肪酸浓度以及肌内脂肪含量的影响。选取24头平均体重为(61.67±2.01) kg的健康"杜×长×大"生长猪,随机分为4组(每组6个重复,每个重复1头),分别饲喂直链/支链淀粉比为0.26(LD组)、0.37(CD组)、0.47(MD组)和0.98(HD组)的试验饲粮。试验至猪平均体重达120 kg时结束。结果表明:1)随着饲粮直链/支链淀粉比的增加,饲粮总能、粗灰分、粗脂肪和粗蛋白质表观消化率线性降低(P<0.05)。与LD组相比,MD和HD组饲粮总能、粗灰分和粗蛋白质表观消化率显著降低(P<0.05),HD组粗脂肪表观消化率也显著降低(P<0.05);与CD组相比,HD组饲粮总能、粗灰分和粗蛋白质表观消化率显著降低(P <0. 05)。2)HD组育肥猪回肠食糜pH显著低于LD、CD和M D组(P <0. 05)。3)随着饲粮直链/支链淀粉比的增加,盲肠食糜丁酸浓度及结肠食糜丙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度呈显著的线性增加(P<0.05),盲肠食糜丙酸浓度有线性和二次曲线变化的趋势(0.05≤P≤0. 10),结肠食糜乙酸浓度有线性增加的趋势(0.05≤P≤0.10)。与LD和CD组相比,HD组育肥猪盲肠食糜丙酸和丁酸浓度显著提高(P<0.05);与LD组相比,HD组育肥猪结肠食糜丙酸和总挥发性脂肪酸浓度显著提高(P<0.05)。4)盲肠食糜双歧杆菌数量随饲粮直链/支链淀粉比的增加呈显著的线性和二次曲线变化(P<0.05)。MD和HD组育肥猪盲肠食糜总细菌数量显著高于LD组(P<0.05);HD组盲肠食糜双歧杆菌数量显著高于其他各组(P <0.05)。5)与HD组相比,LD组育肥猪背最长肌肌内脂肪含量显著提高(P<0.05),LD、CD和MD组背最长肌中G蛋白偶联受体43(GPR43)相对表达量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,增加饲粮直链/支链淀粉比可降低育肥猪的营养物质表观消化率,改变后肠食糜菌群组成,增加后肠食糜挥发性脂肪酸浓�This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary amylose/amylopectin ratio on growth performance,nutrient apparent digestibility,intestinal microflora number and volatile fatty acid concentrations and intramuscular fat content of finishing pigs.Twenty-four Duroc×Landrace×Yorkshire healthy growing pigs with an average body weight(BW)of(61.67±2.01)kg were randomly assigned to four groups with six replicates per group and one pig in each replicate.The amylose/amylopectin ratio of four experimental diets was 0.26(LD group),0.37(CD group),0.47(MD group)and 0.98(HD group),respectively.The experiment was ended when the average body weight of pigs reached about 120 kg.The results showed as follows:1)as the dietary amylose/amylopectin ratio increasing,the apparent digestibility of dietary gross energy,ash,ether extract and crude protein was linear reduced(P<0.05).Compared with LD group,the apparent digestibility of gross energy,ash and crude protein in MD and HD groups was significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the apparent digestibility of crude fat in HD group was also significantly decreased(P<0.05);compared with CD group,the apparent digestibility of gross energy,ash and crude protein in HD group was significantly decreased(P<0.05).2)The pH of ileal digesta in HD group was significantly lower than that in LD,CD and MD groups(P<0.05).3)As the dietary amylose/amylopectin ratio increasing,the cecal digesta butyrate concentrations and the colon digesta propionic acid and total volatile fatty acid concentrations were linear increased(P<0.05),the cecal digesta propionic acid concentration had trends of linear and quadratic curve changes(0.05≤P≤0.10),and colon digesta acetic acid concentration showed a linear increasing trend(0.05≤P≤0.10).Compared with LD and CD groups,the concentrations of propionic acid and butyrate in cecal digesta of pigs in HD group were significantly increased(P<0.05);compared with LD group,the concentrations of propionic acid and total volatile fatty acids in colon digesta o

关 键 词：直链/支链淀粉比 生长性能 菌群 挥发性脂肪酸 肌内脂肪 育肥猪 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]