水分胁迫下不同耐旱性糜子叶片保护酶活性及膜脂过氧化特性  

Characteristics of protective enzyme activities and lipid peroxidation in broomcorn millet leaves under soil water stress

作　　者：冯晓敏[1,2] 张永清[2,3] FENG Xiao-min;ZHANG Yong-qing(Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences /Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology, Ministry ofAgriculture, Beijing 100081, China;College of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, Shanxi 041004, China;College of Geographical Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, Shanxi 041004, China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所/农业部生理生态重点实验室,北京100081 [2]山西师范大学生命科学学院,山西临汾041004 [3]山西师范大学地理科学学院,山西临汾041004

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2019年第1期200-207,共8页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30871483);山西省自然科学基金项目(2006011086)

摘　　要：选取耐旱品种陇糜4号和旱敏感品种晋黍7号,利用防雨旱棚与人工控水相结合的方法,研究了水分胁迫对糜子产量、叶片保护酶活性及膜脂过氧化作用的影响。结果表明,与CK处理相比,水分胁迫降低了糜子的穗数、穗粒数和千粒重,重度水分胁迫下差异达显著(P<0.05)水平,且旱敏感品种晋黍7号的降低幅度大于耐旱品种陇糜4号。整个生育时期,糜子叶片的SOD、POD和CAT活性表现为先升高后降低的趋势,在抽穗期达到最大值;水分胁迫降低了糜子叶片的SOD、POD和CAT活性,与对照相比,重度水分胁迫下达到显著性差异(P<0.05),重度水分胁迫下,耐旱品种陇糜4号SOD活性2年内平均降低22.58%,而旱敏感品种晋黍7号2年内平均降低44.94%。水分胁迫处理增加了糜子叶片的膜脂过氧化产物MDA含量和可溶性糖的含量,随着生育期的推进,糜子叶片可溶性糖含量表现为先升后降的趋势,在灌浆期表现为最大值。相关性分析结果表明,糜子产量与叶绿素含量、SOD活性、POD活性和CAT活性呈正相关关系。To evaluate the effects of soil water stress on the yield of broomcorn millet, activities of endogenous enzymes, membrane protective system, and membrane lipid peroxidation of leaves in broomcorn millet, two different drought tolerance broomcorn millet varieties were used for a pot trial with rain-protection shed and artificial water control system. The results showed that spikes, grains per spike, and thousand-kernel weight decreased compared with CK and significantly decreased at P <0.05 under severe water stress (SS) treatment. The main factors that caused reduction in yields of two broomcorn millets under severe water stress (SS) treatment were decreases in grains per spike and thousand-kernel weight. The biggest reductions of yield were Jinshu 7 followed by Longmi 4. The activities of SOD, POD, and CAT in broomcorn millet leaves increased first and then decreased throughout the growth period with a peak at the heading stage. Meanwhile, the activities of SOD, POD, and CAT decreased under water stress. Significant differences were observed under severe water stress compared to the control group at P < 0.05 level. For example, the activity of SOD of drought-tolerant variety (Longmi 4) decreased by 22.58% on average within two years under severe water stress, while that of the drought-sensitive variety (Jinshu 7) decreased by 44.94% on average within two years. However, the contents of MDA and soluble sugar of broomcorn millets were increased by water stress. The soluble sugar content increased first and then decreased throughout the growth period, and peaked at the filling stage. The correlation analysis indicated that the yield of broomcorn millets was positively correlated with chlorophyll content, SOD activity, POD activity, and CAT activity. This study provided an important evidence why Longmi 4 can survive better than Jinshu 7 under conditions of drought stress.

关 键 词：糜子 水分胁迫 产量 保护酶活性 膜脂过氧化 

分 类 号：S516[农业科学—作物学]