癌症患者外周血核异常淋巴细胞分析  

The analysis of lymphocytes with nuclei abnormalities in peripheral blood of patients with cancers

作　　者：李茂进 王如刚[1] 胡安易 LI Maojin;WANG Rugang;HU Anyi(Beijing Centers for Disease Control and Prevention / Beijing Centers for Preventive Medicine Research,Beijing 100020,China;Fuwai Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences / National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市疾病预防控制中心/北京市预防医学研究中心,北京100020 [2]中国医学科学院阜外心血管病医院/国家心血管病中心

出　　处：《公共卫生与预防医学》2019年第1期27-31,共5页Journal of Public Health and Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的观察分析肺癌、肝癌和胃癌患者外周血核异常淋巴细胞,探讨染色体畸变诱发癌症的机制。方法选肺癌、肝癌和胃癌患者为观察对象,以正常人群为对照,通过微核试验观察分析外周血微核细胞和其他核异常淋巴细胞的发生情况,计算核异常淋巴细胞千分率(‰)。结果肺癌[(6.61‰,χ~2=52.99,P=0.000 0)、(4.47‰,χ~2=42.96,P=0.000 0)、(6.16‰,χ~2=69.23,P=0.000 0)、(7.55‰,χ~2=62.94,P=0.000 0)、(4.61‰,χ~2=56.53,P=0.000 0)、(5.84‰,χ~2=65.51,P=0.000 0)]、肝癌[(6.08‰,χ~2=39.13,P=0.000 0)、(3.75‰,χ~2=23.62,P=0.000 0)、(5.47‰,χ~2=48.34,P=0.000 0)、(7.06‰,χ~2=49.15,P=0.000 0)、(4.31‰,χ~2=46.39,P=0.000 0)、(5.44‰,χ~2=52.71,P=0.000 0)]和胃癌[(5.67‰,χ~2=27.52,P=0.000 0)、(3.53‰,χ~2=17.35,P=0.000 0)、(4.73‰,χ~2=27.51,P=0.000 0)、(6.73‰,χ~2=38.39,P=0.000 0)、(3.77‰,χ~2=29.04,P=0.000 0)、(5.23‰,χ~2=43.56,P=0.000 0)]患者外周血淋巴细胞细胞核形态明显异常,微核、核连接、核畸形、核固缩、核崩解、核残迹等核异常淋巴细胞率显著增高,与对照组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论肺癌、肝癌和胃癌等疾病与染色体畸变或核异常细胞增加有关,核异常细胞可以作为染色体损伤和癌症风险评估的生物标志物。Objective To investigate the nuclei abnormalities of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with cancers,and discuss the pathogenic mechanism of cancers induced by chromosome aberration.Methods Patients with lung cancer,hepatocellular carcinoma and gastric carcinoma were selected as observation objects,and normal populations were selected as the control.The micronucleus test was used to observe and analyze the nuclei abnormalities of lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and the frequencies of lymphocytes with nuclei abnormalities were calculated and expressed as permil(‰).Results The frequencies of lymphocytes with nuclei abnormalities(micronucleus,bridged nucleus,deformed nucleus,karyopyknosis,karyorrhexis,nuclear vestiges)in the peripheral blood of patients with cancers including lung cancer[(6.61‰,χ^2=52.99,P=0.0000),(4.47‰,χ^2=42.96,P=0.000 0),(6.16‰,χ^2=69.23,P=0.000 0),(7.55‰,χ^2=62.94,P=0.000 0),(4.61‰,χ^2=56.53,P=0.000 0),(5.84‰,χ^2=65.51,P=0.000 0)],hepatocellular carcinoma[(6.08‰,χ^2=39.13,P=0.000 0),(3.75‰,χ^2=23.62,P=0.000 0),(5.47‰,χ^2=48.34,P=0.000 0),(7.06‰,χ^2=49.15,P=0.000 0),(4.31‰,χ^2=46.39,P=0.000 0),(5.44‰,χ^2=52.71,P=0.000 0)]and gastric carcinoma[(5.67‰,χ^2=27.52,P=0.000 0),(3.53‰,χ^2=17.35,P=0.000 0),(4.73‰,χ^2=27.51,P=0.000 0),(6.73‰,χ^2=38.39,P=0.000 0),(3.77‰,χ^2=29.04,P=0.000 0),(5.23‰,χ^2=43.56,P=0.000 0)]were significantly increased compared to the control group,with a statistical significance P value<0.01.Conclusion The pathogenesis of cancers might be related to chromosome aberrations or an increase in the number of cells with nuclei abnormalities.The nuclei abnormalities may be developed as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis assessment of cancers.

关 键 词：染色体畸变 核异常 微核 癌症 细胞核功能障碍 

分 类 号：R18[医药卫生—流行病学] R551[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]