从理论到研究,再到应用:塞勒及其贡献  

From theory, research, to applications:Richard H.Thaler and his contributions

作　　者：刘永芳[1] 范雯健 侯日霞[2] LIU Yongfang;FAN Wenjian;HOU Rixia(The School of Psychology and Cognitive Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200062,China;Jining Medical University,Jining 272067,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学心理与认知科学学院,上海200062 [2]济宁医学院,山东济宁272067

出　　处：《心理科学进展》2019年第3期381-392,共12页Advances in Psychological Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目(15ZDB121);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31271112);济宁医学院青年骨干教师国内访问学者项目经费资助

摘　　要：继西蒙、泽尔腾和卡尼曼之后,芝加哥大学Booth商学院教授塞勒成为第四位基于有限理性开展研究而获得诺贝尔经济学奖的学者。在理论上,他接受和发展了有限理性观,提出和发展了心理账户理论;在基础研究上,他揭示和发现了心理账户具有禀赋效应、自我控制不足及公平偏好等独特属性;在实践应用上,他用相关的理论和发现说明和分析股票和基金市场的一些现象,将实证研究结果广泛应用于商业、公共事务管理、政策制定,提出了帮助人们绕开陷阱的"助推"方法。塞勒的研究形成了"理论-研究-应用"三位一体的逻辑体系。他不仅是行为经济学的奠基人,更是国家政策的谏言者之一。After Herbert Simon,Reinhard Selten,and Daniel Kahneman,Richard Thaler became the fourth scholar winning the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences whose research is concerned with bounded rationality.Theoretically,Thaler not only accepted and developed the framework of bounded rationality,but also contributed to the conception and development of the theory of mental accounting.In basic research,he discovered and showed the unique attributes of mental accounting,such as the endowment effect,lack of self-control and preference for fairness.In practice,he successfully explained some puzzling phenomena in the stock and fund markets,using relevant theories in human psychology;many results from his empirical studies are widely used in business management and public administration.Furthermore,Thaler advocates the"nudge"approach to policy making,trying to improve people’s well being through subtle but effective manipulations.Thaler's research has the rare and highly desirable“theory-research-application"triadic quality,and the Nobel prize rightfully reflects his contributions to the understanding of economics and human behaviors.

关 键 词：有限理性 心理账户 自我控制 公平偏好 助推 

分 类 号：B849[哲学宗教—应用心理学] C91[哲学宗教—心理学]