试论白泥窑文化  

ON THE BAINIYAO CULTURE

作　　者：魏坚[1] 冯宝 Wei Jian;Feng Bao

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学北方民族考古研究所,北京100872 [2]中国人民大学历史学院考古文博系,北京100872

出　　处：《考古学报》2019年第1期1-22,共22页Acta Archaeologica Sinica

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"中国北方游牧与农耕民族交融的考古学研究"(项目批准号:14AKG002)资助

摘　　要：内蒙古自治区中南部仰韶时代遗存的调查和研究始于二十世纪五十年代。当时的田野调查尽管规模较小,但也发现了部分有价值的一手材料。从六七十年代开始对黄河沿岸的新石器时代遗址进行了大规模系统性调查,材料进一步丰富、积累。八十年代之后,在以往考古工作的基础上,陆续开始正式的田野发掘,获得了几批重要资料。九十年代以来,随着发掘工作的进一步开展和研究的不断深人以及新技术的运用,使得该阶段遗存的文化面貌更加清晰地呈现出来。Since the 1950 s,remains of the early and mid periods of the Yangshao Culture have been discovered in central and southern Inner Mongolia.With the deepening of field surveys and the advancement of archaeological excavations,we have found that these remains are widely distributed in a region with the southward-flowing section of the Yellow River as its epicenter.It extends to the Lake Dai in Liangcheng County,which is to the south of the Manhan Mountain in the east;across the Yinshan Mountains to Shangdu County and Sonid Right Banner in the northeast;the eastern edge of Hanggin Banner on the Ordos Plateau in the west;and the northern Shanxi and Shaanxi in the south.The remains in these sites have obvious common factors,but also show regional differences.Previously,they were called"Ashan Phrase I Culture","Bainiyao’s First Culture","Chahekou Culture"and "Bainiyao Culture",but without a unified name.According to the differences in cultural characteristics and distribution areas,we divide these remains into three types from west to east:Lujiapo,Bainiyao,and Lower Wangmushan with three phases dated to 7000-5800 BP.Based on the analysis of typical sites and major pottery assemblages,we named these remains as"Bainiyao Culture".Bainiyao Culture is a new archaeological culture developing from the main factors of Banpo,Hougang Phase I and Miaodigou Cultures when they expanded from the Central Plains to the north.It gradually formed distinctive features and unique development sequence;through the evolution of the pottery types,we can also confirm that in the central and southern Inner Mongolia,its direct successor is Miaozigou Culture in the late Yangshao Age,and their distribution areas are slightly different.Judging from the unearthed production tools,the economic type of Bainiyao Culture is dominated by hoe agriculture,with hunting,fishing,and gathering as supplements.The settlements were usually surrounded by moats,indicating that there might be resource competition among the tribes,and the settlement pattern continue

关 键 词：文化面貌 新石器时代遗址 内蒙古自治区 发掘工作 六七十年代 五十年代 二十世纪 仰韶时代 

分 类 号：K876.3[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]