同源四倍体矮牵牛的核型分析及有丝分裂观察  

Karyotype Analysis and Mitosis Observation of Autotetraploid Petunia hybrida

作　　者：魏跃[1] 王栋 王媛花[1] 贾思振[1] 颜志明[1] 徐婷婷 WEI Yue;WANG Dong;WANG Yuanhua;JIA Sizhen;YAN Zhiming;XU Tingting(Jiangsu Polytechnic College of Agriculture and Forestry,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu 212400,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏农林职业技术学院,江苏镇江212400

出　　处：《贵州农业科学》2019年第2期81-84,共4页Guizhou Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：江苏高校品牌专业建设工程资助项目(PPZY2015B173);江苏农林职业技术学院科研项目"矮牵牛倍性研究与多倍体培育"(2018kj19);江苏农林职业技术学院科研项目"草莓;葡萄新品种创制及配套栽培技术集成研究与推广"(2018kj02)

摘　　要：探明同源四倍体矮牵牛细胞学特性,为观赏花卉的细胞学研究提供新途径。以四倍体矮牵牛幼嫩柱头为材料,采用常规压片法进行核型分析和有丝分裂观察。结果表明:四倍体矮牵牛核型公式为K(2n)=4x=28=16m+12sm(4SAT),染色体相对长度组成为2n=28=12M1+16M2,核型分类为2A型,属于较原始类型;四倍体有丝分裂过程中少量细胞存在微核仁、同源染色体配对、赤道板外染色体、落后及丢失染色体、染色体桥、染色体凝集粘合和非整倍体等异常现象。The cytological feature of autotetraploid Petunia hybrida was studied by karyotype analysis and mitosis observation of young stigmas to provide the new path for cytological study of ornamental flowers.Result:The karyotype formula of autotetraploid P.hybrida is K(2n)=4x=28=16m+12sm(4SAT)and the relative length of chromosome is 2n=28=12M 1+16M 2.The karyotype is classified as 2A type(a relatively primitive type).There are abnormal phenomena of micronucleoli,homoeologous pairing,chromosome away from equator plate,lagging and lost chromosome,chromosome bridges,chromosome condensation and bonding,and aneuploid in a few cells during the tetraploid mitosis process.

关 键 词：矮牵牛 同源四倍体 核型分析 有丝分裂 

分 类 号：S681.9[农业科学—观赏园艺]