基于电磁干风洞的大柔性结构准模态试验研究  

Quasi modal test of large flexible structure based on electromagnetic dry wind tunnel

作　　者：侯英昱 刘子强[1] HOU Yingyu;LIU Ziqiang(China Academy of Aerospace Aerodynamics,Beijing 100074,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航天空气动力技术研究院,北京100074

出　　处：《空气动力学学报》2019年第1期115-120,共6页Acta Aerodynamica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学重大研究计划重点项目(91216202)

摘　　要：结构的频率是结构的重要动力学特性,对于飞行器来说,当机翼等大型结构在非定常气动力作用下发生变形时,其频率也会发生变化。本文介绍了一种地面电磁干风洞试验方法,利用电磁场和安培力实现气动力的模拟,在不接触模型的情况下对模型进行静动态加载。基于这种新的试验技术,建立了一种地面电磁干风洞实验方法,利用电磁场和安培力实现气动力的模拟,可有效实现对模型结构的非接触式静态和动态气动力跟随加载。利用该实验系统,研究了静动态条件下,结构质量、刚度分布对飞机内载荷的影响;结构变形对结构动力学特征的影响。结果表明,结构的弯曲变形会影响结构的弯曲和扭转频率,结构的质量和刚度分布会对结构内载荷产生较大影响。这种新的试验方法有利于研究大柔性结构的气动弹性特性,对新型飞机的设计和研制具有重要意义。The frequency of structures is an important dynamic characteristic. For aircrafts, when the wing and other large scale structures deform under the action of unsteady aerodynamic forces, its frequency correspondingly changes. For large structural flexible aircraft represented by high altitude long endurance UAVs, it is very important to explore the variation rules of the structural dynamic characteristics of the aircraft to develop the design technology and improve the design method. This paper introduces a test method of a ground electromagnetic dry wind tunnel. A principle experiment method of the ground electromagnetic dry wind tunnel is established. The electromagnetic field and Ampere force are used to realize the simulation of aerodynamics force, and the model is statically and dynamically loaded without touching the model. Based on this new test technique, a series of experiments were carried out by using the experimental system, and the influence of the structural quality and stiffness distribution was analyzed on the internal load of the aircraft under static and dynamic conditions. The results show that the bending deformation affects the bending and torsion frequencies of the structure, and the dynamic characteristics of the structure. This new test method is conducive to the study of aeroelastic characteristics of large flexible structures, and is of great significance for the design and development of new aircraft.

关 键 词：非定常气动力 干风洞实验 气动弹性 大变形机翼 准模态试验 

分 类 号：V211.3[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]