基于2SFCA改进模型的城市公园绿地规划配置研究--以深圳福田区为例  

Study on the Planning and Allocation of Urban Park Green Space Based on 2SFCA Improved Model——A Case Study of Futian District, Shenzhen

作　　者：赵晓龙 郑权一[3,2] 刘笑冰 金梦潇[4,5] Zhao Xiaolong;Zheng Quanyi;Liu Xiaobing;Jin Mengxiao

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院景观系 [2]哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院黑龙江省寒地景观科学与技术重点实验室 [3]哈尔滨工业大学建筑学院 [4]哈尔滨工业大学环境学院 [5]南方科技大学环境科学与工程学院

出　　处：《中国园林》2018年第A02期95-99,共5页Chinese Landscape Architecture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(编号51878206);国家自然科学基金重点项目(编号51438005);黑龙江省科技攻关项目(编号GZ15A510);黑龙江省寒地景观科学与技术重点实验室自主课题项目(编号2016HDJG-3101)共同资助.

摘　　要：为了克服传统公园绿地规划仅从供给侧配置的弊端,从公园绿地供给与人群需求平衡的视角,提出了2SFCA可达性改进模型。首先,在辨析2SFCA模型的基础上,综合考虑了实际阻力、衰减距离、服务半径差异性、尺度效应和边界效应等因素,引入了阻抗函数和时间阻抗,对2SFCA模型进行改进,并将研究尺度定义到建筑尺度;其次,以深圳福田区为例,将POI数据、OSM路网数据、电子地图数据与统计年鉴数据、建筑物矢量化数据结合起来,通过2SFCA改进模型量化公园绿地配置供需现状,计算建筑尺度公园绿地的可达性,随后在GIS中对上述结果进行克里金插值分析,并对其结果进行可视化,结果表明福田区公园绿地可达性整体较好,但交通路网完善程度、公园规模特征、服务承载力差异性明显;最后,从道路交通系统、公园绿地类型和可持续性发展三方面提出了公园绿地优化建议,以期为智慧城市公园绿地规划提供技术层面的支撑。In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional urban park green space(UPGS)planning only from the supply side,2SFCA accessibility improvement model was proposed,from the perspective of the balance between UPGS supply and people demand.Firstly,based on the analysis of the 2SFCA model,the factors such as actual resistance,attenuation distance,service radius difference,scale effect and boundary effect are considered.In order to improve the 2SFCA model,the impedance function and time impedance are introduced,and the research scale is defined to the building scale;second,taking Futian,Shenzhen as an example,POI data,OSM road network data,electronic map data and statistical yearbook data,and building data are combined.The status of supply and demand of UPGS is quantified,and the accessibility of park-scale UPGS is calculated by the 2SFCA improvement model.Then it performs Kriging interpolation analysis on the results in GIS and visualizes the results.The results show that the accessibility of UPGS in Futian is good,but the difference of traffic road network perfection degree,park size characteristics and service carrying capacity are obvious.Finally,the recommendations for UPGS optimization are proposed from three aspects:road traffic system,park green land type and sustainable development,in order to provide technical support for the smart UPGS planning.

关 键 词：风景园林 可达性 衰减定律 多源数据 2SFCA改进模型 绿地配置 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]