“谁之权力?何种合理性”?——权力伦理的永恒之问与马克思主义权力观的历史渊源  

“Whose Power? What Kind of Rationality?”——The Eternal Question of Power Ethics and the Historical Origin of Marxist View of Power

作　　者：赵威 ZHAO Wei

机构地区：[1]华侨大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《华侨大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2019年第1期5-14,48,共11页Journal of Huaqiao University(Philosophy & Social Sciences)

摘　　要："谁之权力?何种合理性"是古今中外政治学的永恒之问,也是权力伦理的核心问题,马克思主义也不例外。自古希腊以来,先贤已就"谁之权力?何种合理性"的权力伦理之问展开追寻,他们借助信仰的形式、引入超验的视角、运用思辨的力量,建构一个以终极价值为形上依据,以政治、伦理、法律为形下落实,以人民利益为根本指向的权力伦理框架,以表达正义的品格、宣示国家的目的、追溯权力的来源、论证人民的权利,由此揭示了它来自民之权力,走向民之权利,体现民之正义的应然逻辑。对这个永恒之问的求解进程虽然包含了从古希腊经中世纪到近现代的若干历史超越,并成了建构马克思主义权力观的传统资源。但从现实角度看,迄今为止剥削阶级的国家并没有把权力的应然逻辑转化为历史的实然状态。只有"权为民所赋,权为民所用"的马克思主义权力观才真正实现了历史的超越和时代的升华。Whose power and what kind of rationality are the eternal question of political science in all times and all countries, and also the core issue of power ethics. Since Ancient Greece, the sages have searched for the question of power ethics about “whose power and what kind of rationality” with the forms of faith, the transcendental perspectives and the power of speculation to construct a framework of power ethics in which the ultimate value was thought as the basis of metaphysics, the political ethics and law were thought as the implement of physics, and the interests of people were thought as the basic orientation, so as to express the character of justice, to declare the purpose of the country, to trace the source of power, to demonstrate the rights of the people, and to reveal the logic of the people’s justice. Although the process of solving this eternal question contains several historical transcendence from the middle ages in ancient Greece to the modern times, it has formed the traditional resource of constructing Marxist view of power. But from a realistic point of ciew, so far the countries of the exploiting class have not transformed the logic of the power into the historical reality. Only the Marxist view of power that “power is endowed by the people and used by the people” can truly realize the transcendence of history and the sublimation of the times.

关 键 词：权力伦理 超验 正义 马克思主义权力观 

分 类 号：D09[政治法律—政治学] D621