施肥水平对青稞籽粒灌浆特性的影响  

Effects of Fertilizer Application Rate on Grain Filling Characteristics of Hulless Barley

作　　者：朱明霞 白婷 靳玉龙 强小林[2] ZHU Mingxia;BAI Ting;JIN Yulong;QIANG Xiaolin(Food science institute,Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Lhasa,Tibet 850032,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏自治区农牧科学院农产品开发与食品科学研究所,西藏拉萨850000 [2]农西藏自治区农牧科学院业研究所,西藏拉萨850000

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2019年第2期171-178,共8页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：国家大麦青稞产业技术体系项目(CARS-05-05A-02)

摘　　要：为给青稞高产优质高效栽培中氮磷肥的合理利用提供依据,以藏青27、QTB13和QTB25 3个青稞品种(系)为材料,用Logistic方程对籽粒灌浆过程进行拟合,研究了不同施肥水平(施氮量分别为0、90、180、270、360 kg·hm^(-2),按照氮磷比1∶6配施磷肥)下青稞籽粒的灌浆特性。结果表明,不同施肥水平下,3个青稞品种(系)籽粒灌浆过程均呈"S"型曲线变化,其Logistic方程的决定系数在0.995～0.999之间,均达极显著水平,拟合效果较好。灌浆参数中,灌浆持续期和最大灌浆速率出现时间与粒重均呈极显著正相关,平均灌浆速率与粒重呈正相关,但不显著。粒重与渐增期持续时间、快增期持续时间均呈极显著正相关,与其他参数相关不显著。理论最大千粒重与灌浆结束时实际千粒重随施肥量增加的变化基本一致。适量施用氮磷肥能调控籽粒灌浆参数,提高渐增期持续时间和快增期持续时间,增加千粒重;施肥过多则降低了千粒重。In order to provide a basis for rational utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers in high-yield,high-quality and high-efficiency cultivation of highland barley,grain filling characteristics of three hulless barley varieties(Zangqing 27,QTB13 and QTB25) under different fertilizer application levels(The nitrogen rates are 0,90,180,270 and 360 kg·hm -2 ,respectively.The ratio of nitrogen to P2O 5 is 1∶6) was fitted by Logistic equation. The results showed that the increment of grain dry matter in hulless barley under the different fertilizer application treatments exhibited an 'S' curve change. The grain filling process could be extremely well described by the Logistic model,since the determination coefficients of Logistic equation were between 0.995 and 0.999,which achieved a significant level. There was a significant positive correlation between grain filling duration and maximum grain filling rate and grain weight. The average grain filling rate was positively correlated with grain weight,but not significantly. There was a significant positive correlation between grain weight and duration of increasing period and duration of rapid increase,but no significant correlation with other parameters. The estimated maximum 1 000- grain weight is basically the same as that of 1 000- grain weight at maturity. Suitable nitrogen and phosphorus application rates can regulate grain filling parameters,improve the duration of gradual increase and the duration of rapid increase,increase 1 000-grain weight,but 1 000-grain weight can be reduced by excessive nitrogen application.

关 键 词：施肥水平 青稞 籽粒灌浆特性 

分 类 号：S512.3[农业科学—作物学] S311