元代救荒植物考  

Research on the Famine Relief Plants in Yuan Dynasty

作　　者：张阜炳 邵侃[1] Zhang Fubing;Shao Kan

机构地区：[1]吉首大学历史与文化学院

出　　处：《兰台世界》2019年第3期156-160,共5页Lantai World

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目(15CMZ030;12CMZ025)

摘　　要：元代是中国自然灾害多发的朝代之一,水、旱、蝗、震等灾害无所不有且频繁发生。在频发的灾害中出现了很多救荒植物,但是学术界对于元代灾荒的研究甚少,尤其是在救荒植物研究方面。《元代救荒植物考》以《元史》、《王祯农书》、《农桑辑要》、《农桑衣食撮要》等材料为主要依托,发现除却以粟、稻、麦、豆为主的传统粮食作物之外,有明确救荒记载的植物22种,以古农书的划分方式将其分为谷属、蓏属、蔬属、果属、竹木、草属六大类,对其生长习性、可食性、食用价值以及部分植物所具有的商业价值和药用价值进行分类考释。《元代救荒植物考》响应国家粮食安全政策,对国家农业安全、稳定、持续发展方面都具有一定积极意义。Yuan Dynasty was one of the dynasties with frequent natural disasters in China. Floods, droughts, locusts plagues, earthquakes, etc. are omnipresent and frequent. In the frequent disasters, there were a lot of famine relief plants. However, there is little research on famines in Yuan Dynasty, especially research on famine relief plants. Based on materials such as History of Yuan Dynasty, Agricultural Book of Wang Zhen, Nong Sang Ji Yao, and Nong Sang Yi Shi Cuo Yao, the paper finds that in Yuan Dynasty, in addition to the traditional grain crops like millet, rice, wheat and beans, there are 22 kinds of plants that are clearly recorded for famine relief. According to the division way of ancient agricultural books, they are divided into six categories: cereal, melon, vegetable, fruit, bamboo and grass. Their growth habits, edibility, edible value, and commercial and medical value in some plants are classified and explained. In response to the national food security policy, the paper is of certain positive significance to the national agricultural security, stability and sustainable development.

关 键 词：元代 救荒植物 生长习性 食用价值 

分 类 号：K247[历史地理—历史学]