光强、温度和N/P比对坛紫菜叶状体单性生殖发生的影响  

Effects of light intensity, temperature, and N/P ratio on parthenogenesis of Pyropia haitanensis

作　　者：付阳阳 丁洪昌 林琪[4] 钟晨辉 刘长军[5] 严兴洪 FU Yangyang;DING Hongchang;LIN Qi;ZHONG Chenhui;LIU Changjun;YAN Xinghong(Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Fujian Fisheries Research Institute,Xiamen 361013,China;Xiangshan Fisheries Technical Extension Center,Xiangshan 315700,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学上海水产养殖工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [4]福建省水产研究所,福建厦门361013 [5]象山县水产技术推广站,浙江象山315700

出　　处：《水产学报》2019年第3期650-660,共11页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划"蓝色粮仓科技创新"重点专项(2018YFD0900606);国家"八六三"高技术研究发展计划(2012AA10A411);国家自然科学基金(31072208);江苏省科技计划项目(BE2018335);浙江省农业(水产)新品种选育重大科技专项(2016C02055-6);福建省种业创新与产业化工程专项(2014S1477-10)~~

摘　　要：为探究培养条件对坛紫菜叶状体生长和单性生殖发生的影响,研究了不同光强、温度和N/P比下坛紫菜叶状体的生长及单性生殖发生的特点。结果显示,当光强为10～40μmol/(m2·s)时,藻体生长缓慢、成熟晚、单性生殖发生晚;光强增至60～80μmol/(m2·s)时,藻体生长加快,成熟和单性生殖发生同时提前。温度为17～20°C时,藻体生长慢、成熟晚、单性生殖发生推迟;23°C时藻体生长最快;而29°C组的藻体虽然生长受到抑制,但藻体成熟和单性生殖发生得到促进。N/P比为16∶1处理组的叶状体比其他处理组(1∶1、4∶1、32∶1和64∶1)均生长变快,N/P比为64∶1时叶状体生长最慢,但易成熟、易发生单性生殖。因此,在高光强、高温和高N/P比下,藻体成熟和单性生殖发生均提早,说明这些因素对坛紫菜叶状体单性生殖的发生有重要影响。To explore the influence of the external environment on Pyropia haitanensis blades,the effects of different light intensity,temperature,and ratios of nitrogen to phosphorous on the growth and parthenogenesis of thallus were studied through microscopic observation and statistical analysis.When the light intensity is 10-40μmol/(m^2·s),the algae grow slowly,mature late,and parthenogenesis also occurs later;When the light intensity increased to 60-80μmol/(m^2·s),the algae growth accelerated,maturation became early,and parthenogenesis also advanced.When the temperature is 17-20°C,the algae grow slowly,mature late,and parthenogenesis is postponed;When the temperature rises above 23°C,the algae growth begins to be inhibited,but the high temperature promotes the maturation of the algae,and parthenogenesis also occurs in advance.The treatment group with a nitrogen to phosphorous ratio of 16∶1 grew faster than other treatment groups(1∶1,4∶1,32∶1 and 64∶1),the slowest rate of thallus growth was observed in the 64∶1 ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus,but it is easy to mature and prone to parthenogenesis.Therefore,at the high light intensity,high temperature and high ratio of nitrogen to phosphorus conditions,both the maturation and parthenogenesis of the algae were improved.Culture conditions have important effects on parthenogenesis of P.haitanensis.

关 键 词：坛紫菜 光强 温度 N/P 叶状体 单性生殖 

分 类 号：S917.3[农业科学—水产科学]