肝移植术后胆管并发症的危险因素及防治进展  

Risk Factors of Biliary Complications after Liver Transplantation and Prevention and Treatment Methods

作　　者：卡地尔丁.艾海提 吐尔干艾力.阿吉 KADIERDING·Aihaiti;TUERGANAILI·Aji(Department of Hepatobiliary and Echinococcosis Diseases,the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi 830054,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学第一附属医院肝胆包虫科,乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《医学综述》2019年第5期928-933,共6页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室开放课题(2017D04004)

摘　　要：胆管并发症作为肝移植术后最常见的并发症,严重影响着移植患者的生存时间和生存质量,是导致肝移植失败的主要原因之一。肝移植术后胆管并发症是多种危险因素相互影响、相互促进所致,目前公认的危险因素有缺血性损伤、手术方式及外科操作技术、供肝保存性损伤、免疫源性损伤、感染性损伤等。肝移植术后胆管并发症的预防很重要,贯穿于术前、术中及术后的全过程。肝移植术后胆管并发症的治疗主要有药物治疗、内镜治疗、介入治和再次手术等,其中内镜和放射介入治疗是最为常用、最为有效的治疗手段。As the most common complications after liver transplantation,biliary complications have a serious impact on the survival time and quality of life of the patients,and is one of the main reasons for the failure of liver transplantation,which are caused by multiple risk factors which influence and promote each other.At present,the widely recognized risk factors are ischemic injury,surgical methods and techniques,donor liver preservation injury,immunogenic injury,infectious injury and so on.The prevention is more important,which goes through the whole process before,during and after liver transplantation.The treatment mainly includes drug therapy,endoscopic therapy,interventional therapy and reoperation,among which endoscopic and interventional therapy is the most common and effective treatment methods.

关 键 词：肝移植 胆管并发症 危险因素 缺血性损伤 再灌注损伤 胆瘘 

分 类 号：R575[医药卫生—消化系统]