论一级学科政策下二级学科的“生存之道”  

On the Way for the Second-level Discipline to Survive Under the First-level Discipline Policy

作　　者：刘小强[1] 蒋喜锋[2] LIU Xiaoqiang;JIANG Xifeng(Institute of Science and Education,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330022;School of Elementary Education,Jiangxi Normal University,Nanchang,Jiangxi 330022,China)

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学科教发展战略研究中心,江西南昌330022 [2]江西师范大学初等教育学院,江西南昌330022

出　　处：《江西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2019年第2期92-98,共7页Journal of Jiangxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"基于学科生产能力提升的一流学科建设路径和策略研究"(编号:18AGL021);教育部人文社会科学规划项目"基于学科点的一流学科建设的微观研究:知识生产模式转变的视角"(编号:17YJA880015)

摘　　要：在一级学科政策下,我国学位与研究生教育的学科基础从二级学科上升到一级学科。传统的二级学科在学科目录中被彻底取消,在学位授权上不能进行审核,在人才培养中蜕变成了"培养方向",在学科建设和评估中彻底"退场",从而陷入了生存困境。一级学科政策主要是人才培养的政策,学科建设和评估、科学研究仍然需要稳定、细分的二级学科框架,一级学科政策在实施过程中也产生了一些问题。二级学科仍然具有存在的价值,应当恢复传统的三级学科目录,制定并发布参考性的二级学科目录,在人才培养上应围绕二级学科目录相对规范培养方向的设置,在学科建设和评估上应保留一级学科和二级学科两个平台,鼓励有特色、有优势的二级学科的发展。Under the first-level discipline policy,the disciplinary basis of degree and postgraduate education in China has risen from the second-level discipline to the first-level discipline.The traditional secondary disciplines have completely been abolished in the subject catalogue,and they have lost approbation application for degree authorization.In the personnel training,they have become the"training direction"and completely"exited"in the discipline construction and evaluation,thus falling into the survival predicament.However,the first-level discipline policy is mainly the policy of personnel training.Disciplinary construction and assessment and scientific research still need a stable and subdivided two-level discipline framework.The first-level discipline policy also has some problems in the implementation process.So the second-level discipline still has the value of existence.The traditional three-level disciplinary catalogue should be restored and the referential second-level disciplinary catalogue should be formulated and published.In terms of personnel training,the relative normative training direction of the secondary subject catalogue should be focused on.In the discipline construction and assessment,two platforms,the first-level discipline and the second-level discipline should be retained,and the development of secondary disciplines with distinctive characteristics and advantages should be encouraged.

关 键 词：一级学科 二级学科 困境 

分 类 号：G640[文化科学—高等教育学]