不同归因风格大学生对未来事件的情绪预测:作用模式和制约因素  

Emotional Predictions of Future Events of College Students with Different Attributional Styles: Working Models and Constraints

作　　者：陈延飞 刘岩 CHEN Yanfei;LIU Yan(School of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Healthy Personality Assessment and Training of Children andAdolescents, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian 116029, China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学心理学院,大连116029 [2]辽宁师范大学儿童青少年健康人格评定与培养协同创新中心,大连116029

出　　处：《心理技术与应用》2019年第4期220-228,共9页Psychology(Techniques and Applications)

基　　金：辽宁省教育厅项目(W201683616)

摘　　要：为探讨归因风格对未来事件情绪预测的作用途径和可能的制约因素,对107名大学生施测归因风格和特质焦虑问卷,然后进行不同情绪诱导(悲伤、中性),最后对积极和消极事件在未来发生的可能性进行预测。结果发现:(1)归因风格能够显著预测积极事件和消极事件发生的可能性,同时归因风格对消极事件发生可能性的作用会受到外部情绪刺激的制约;(2)对于典型乐观归因倾向或悲观归因倾向的个体,外部情绪刺激对其进行情绪预测没有制约作用;(3)特质焦虑在归因风格和未来积极事件发生可能性之间起部分中介作用;在归因风格和未来消极事件发生可能性之间起完全中介作用。说明相比外部情绪信息,归因风格对未来事件的情绪预测起到了主要作用,并通过特质焦虑对未来事件的情绪预测产生影响。To explore the working models of attributional styles on emotion predictions of future events and possible constraints, 107 students were selected from a university to fill in the Attributional Style Questionnaire (ASQ) and the Trait Anxiety Inventory (T-AI). They experienced one of emotion induction (sad vs. neutral) then, and finally predicted the likelihood of a series of positive and negative events in the future. The results showed that :(1) Attributional styles could significantly predict the likelihood of positive and negative events, and the effect of attribution style on the likelihood of negative events will be constrained by external emotional stimuli;(2) For individuals with typically optimistic or pessimistic attributional tendencies, external emotional stimuli had no constraint on their emotional predictions;(3) Trait anxiety had a partial mediating effect between the attributional styles and the likelihood of future positive events;and it had a full mediating effect between the attributional style and the likelihood of future negative events. The results indicated that compared with external emotional information, attributional style, plays a major role in predicting future emotional events and influences the emotional prediction of future events through trait anxiety.

关 键 词：情绪预测 归因风格 外部情绪信息 特质焦虑 

分 类 号：B848.8[哲学宗教—心理学]