长江经济带农业面源污染治理中的关键问题及建议  

Key issues and suggestions in agricultural non-point source pollution control in the Yangtze River economic belt

作　　者：殷培红 耿润哲 王萌 孙嘉绩 YIN Peihong;GENG Runzhe;WANG Meng;SUN Jiaji(Policy Research Center for Environment and Economy,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Beijing 100029,China)

机构地区：[1]生态环境部环境与经济政策研究中心,北京100029

出　　处：《环境与可持续发展》2019年第2期22-25,共4页Environment and Sustainable Development

基　　金：第二次全国污染源普查项目"农业源污染物入水体负荷核算方法及系数体系构建"(2110399);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(41601551);生态环境部部门项目"农村环境保护体制机制与配套政策研究"(2110399);国家外专局引智项目"水质持续改善的流域综合管理与技术方法及贸易政策环境影响评价研究"(SN20180467006)

摘　　要：通过对长江经济带沿线江苏和安徽的11县(市、区)农业面源污染相关治理情况进行调研梳理发现,我国在农村生态环境保护和农业面源污染治理中存在的突出问题有:(1)农业面源污染治理主体的责任意识尚未树立;(2)没有进行顶层设计,政策间缺乏协调性;(3)已建成的示范工程和措施效果不明确,没有相关技术标准和规范,可推广性差,且未建立起长效运行保障机制;(4)激励政策不完善。做好农业面源污染治理和监管工作,重点针对以下六个方面开展工作:(1)坚持统一领导,统筹治理,明确部门职责;(2)强化对农业生产环节投入品的监管;(3)加强对生态治污措施和工程技术方案设计的指导(4)完善现行水质考核指标体系,强化末端监管(5)加快出台相关激励型政策措施,形成多方参与的共治、共享机制;(6)完善农业绿色生产的政策体系和准入评价机制。Winning the battle against agricultural and rural pollution control,focusing on agricultural non-point source pollution control is the key.Through investigation and research on agricultural non-point source pollution control in 11 counties of Jiangsu and Anhui provinces along the Yangtze River Economic Belt,it is found that the outstanding problems in rural ecological environment protection and agricultural non-point source pollution control are:(1)The sense of responsibility of the main body of agricultural non-point source pollution control has not yet been established;(2)there is no top-level design,and there is no coordination between policies;(3)the effects of the completed demonstration projects and measures are not clear,there are no relevant technical standards and norms,the promotion is poor,and has not yet established a long-term operational guarantee mechanism;(4)Incomplete incentive policies.To do a good job in agricultural non-point source management and supervision,we should focus on the following six aspects:(1)adhere to unified leadership,coordinate governance,identify departmental responsibilities;(2)strengthen supervision of agricultural production links;(3)Strengthen the guidance on ecological pollution control measures,engineering technology program design(4)Improve the current water quality assessment index system,strengthen the end supervision(5)Accelerate the introduction of relevant incentive-type policy measures,and form a multi-participation co-governance and sharing mechanism;(6)Improve the policy system and access evaluation mechanism for agricultural green production.

关 键 词：农业面源污染 长江经济带 污染治理 政策 

分 类 号：X21[环境科学与工程—环境科学]