结直肠癌术后化疗患者家庭膳食调查及生活质量评估  

Dietary investigation and quality of life assessment in postoperative chemotherapy patients with colorectal cancer

作　　者：刘祖平 白錬[2] 何干[2] 徐杰[2] 谢建[2] 贺春香[3] 陈小玉[1] LIU Zu-ping;BAI Lian;HE Gan;XU Jie;XIE Jian;HE Chun-xiang;CHEN Xiao-yu(Department of Preventive Care,Yongchuan Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University,Yongchuan,Chongqing 402160,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属永川医院预防保健科,重庆永川402160 [2]重庆医科大学附属永川医院胃肠外科,重庆永川402160 [3]重庆医科大学附属永川医院教务科,重庆永川402160

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2019年第5期950-954,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：重庆市永川区科委基金资助课题(Ycstc;2016rc9019);研究生创新基金(YJSCX201810)

摘　　要：目的调查结直肠癌化疗患者营养状况、膳食摄入量、营养知识-态度-行为(KAP)以及生活质量情况,为医护人员对患者进行营养指导及改善患者生活质量提供依据。方法运用NRS2002量表进行营养风险筛查,根据患者营养状况分为营养风险组与营养正常组,利用24h膳食回顾法进行膳食调查,根据ESPEN推荐的体重法计算患者的日均能量、蛋白质需求量,利用营养KAP问卷与QLQ-C30生活质量表对患者进行调查分析。结果本研究共纳入120例患者,58%的患者存在营养风险。营养风险组与营养正常组患者实际每天摄入能量分别为(1 293.7±254.2)Kcal与(1 392.4±226.4)Kcal,低于目标需要量(1 411.7±180.1)Kcal与(1 473.5±132.4)Kcal(P<0.05),两组患者实际蛋白摄入量低于目标蛋白摄入量(P<0.05)。营养KAP条目均分中,两组患者营养态度得分最高,营养知识得分最低。营养风险组与营养正常组患者整体健康/生活质量评分分别为(51.5±17.2)分与(66.2±15.3)分(P<0.001),两组患者均存在经济等方面的困扰。结论结直肠癌化疗患者膳食摄入量低,膳食结构不合理,膳食认知差,生活质量水平较差。因此,医务人员应制定有效改善患者营养状况的措施并进行生活指导,提高患者生活质量。Objective To investigate the nutritional status,dietary intake,nutritional knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP)and quality of life in colorectal cancer patients during chemotherapy,and to provide nutritional guidance for patients to improve their quality of life.Methods NRS2002 was used for nutritional risk screening.According to the nutritional status,patients were divided into two groups-the nutrition risk group and the normal nutrition group.The 24 h dietary recalls were used for the dietary survey.The daily average energy and protein were calculated according to the "weight method" recommended by ESPEN.Nutritional KAP and QLQ-C30 quality of life questionnaire were used to evaluate the patients.Results A total of 120 patients were enrolled,and 58% of whom had a risk of malnutrition.The actual daily energy intakes of the nutritional risk group and the normal nutrition group were 1 293.7±254.2 Kcal and 1 392.4±226.4 Kcal,respectively,which were significantly lower than target energy requirement of 1 411.7±180.1 Kcal and 1 473.5±132.4 Kcal(P<0.05).The actual daily intake was significantly lower than the target protein intake(P<0.05).Among the nutritional KAP items,The two groups had the highest nutritional attitude score and the lowest nutritional knowledge score.The overall health/quality of life scores of the two groups were 51.5±17.2 and 66.2±15.3(P<0.001).Both groups had economic and other problems.Conclusion Colorectal cancer patients have low dietary intake,unreasonable dietary structure,poor dietary knowledge and poor quality of life.Therefore,effective measures should be taken to improve the nutritional status and the quality of life of colorectal cancer patients during chemotherapy.

关 键 词：结直肠癌 营养状况 膳食调查 生活质量 

分 类 号：R181.32[医药卫生—流行病学]