汉语谐音表达的认知研究:“伸手要钱”所引发的语言学思考  

A cognitive study of homophonic-character expression in Chinese: Cognitive-orientated reflections on “shen-shou-yao-qian”

作　　者：华鸿燕[1] Hua Hongyan

机构地区：[1]西南大学外国语学院,重庆400700

出　　处：《外语教学》2019年第2期56-60,共5页Foreign Language Education

摘　　要：坊间谐趣的日常用语"伸手要钱"可引发出严肃的语言学论题思考。这里所说的"伸手要钱"是身份证、手机、钥匙、钱包各词语首字谐音的集合,即谐音修辞表达,并涉及语言运用的一个重要机制:意识的双重结构——本体结构和摹状结构。汉语谐音表达有三种情况:同音词组替代;近音字词替代;有关的词组分列而词组首字谐音替代后按意义重新集结。从意识双重结构理论来看,汉语谐音表达中的原用词语是本体结构里的事件,摹状结构里的谐音词语是用例事件。汉语谐音表达的运用是有规律的,其谐音解读的过程是因果蕴含的思维过程。汉语谐音表达体现了隐喻认知的本质。As a daily interesting homophonic-character expression,"Shen-Shou-Yao-Qian", a collection of homophonic characters, which are the initials of shenfenzheng(ID card), shouji(mobilephone), yaoshi(keys) and qianbao(wallet), would invoke serious philosophical thinking in linguistic study, in that its production concerns an important cognitive mechanism, dual-level structure of consciousness-ontological structure and descriptive structure. Chinese homophonic-character expressions demonstrate themselves in three cases: a set of homophonic characters to replace the original expression, the replacement of near-phonic expression, and the set of homophonic characters to replace the initials of dispersive expressions. From the perspective of dual-level structure of consciousness, the wording of Chinese homophonic characters is the ontological structure denoting the actual event, while descriptive structure formed from homophonic characters is what we call usage-event. Chinese homophonic-character expressions have their logical way in actual use, and their interpretations follow the logical thinking of causal implication. Chinese homophonic-character expressions are metaphor in essence.

关 键 词：汉语谐音表达 意识的双重结构 因果蕴含 隐喻 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]