航行自由的法律边界与制度张力  

Legal Limitation and Systematic Power of Navigational Freedom

作　　者：杨泽伟[1,2] YANG Zewei(Wuhan University)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学 [2]武汉大学国际法研究所,国家领土主权与海洋权益协同创新中心

出　　处：《边界与海洋研究》2019年第2期5-23,共19页Journal of Boundary and Ocean Studies

基　　金：作者主持承担的2017年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"维护中国国家权益的国际法问题研究"(17JJD820006)阶段性成果

摘　　要：航行自由产生争议的根本原因是《联合国海洋法公约》对航行自由的规定没有明确的边界,各国任意解释的空间较大。虽然数百年来航行自由一直是海洋法的核心,但是近些年来航行自由受到了诸多限制。航行自由的制度张力也比较突出,并且伴随着从航行自由到航行权的演进,呈现出传统航行自由的缩小与国家管辖权的扩大之势。目前航行自由还面临国家管辖范围以外生物多样性的管理和养护等方面的新挑战。由于综合国力的增强和海洋重要性的凸显,中国应以更加积极、开放的态度看待航行自由,并对航行自由法律政策作出适当调整。The disputes over the navigational freedom fundamentally arise from the vague provisions for the navigational freedom under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea,which every state could explain according to their will. Although the navigational freedom is the core of the law of the sea,it has been limited so much in recent years. It embodies the tendency towards reduce of traditional navigational freedom and enlargement of national jurisdiction. Today there are some new challenges for navigational freedom,such as the issue on the conservation and sustainable use of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction. Considering the increase of the comprehensive power and importance of marine interests,China should treat the freedom of navigation with a more positive and open attitude and appropriately adjust its law and policy of the navigational freedom.

关 键 词：航行自由 《联合国海洋法公约》 航行权 海洋法 

分 类 号：D993.5[政治法律—国际法学]