建筑学科的学术化和理论积累的三种范式  

Three Paradigms of Scholarly Research in Architecture and Design Related Disciplines

作　　者：张波 ZHANG Bo(Oklahoma State University)

机构地区：[1]美国奥克拉荷马州立大学

出　　处：《建筑师》2019年第1期88-93,共6页The Architect

摘　　要：在建筑学科学术化要求下,设计学科的知识需求和"求知能力"的不匹配关系十分明显。对于整个设计学科(包括建筑学、规划学、景观学)研究方法的探索显得尤为必要。本文不从普通研究方法入手,而是针对设计学科自身的特点,内向地总结出经验知识、专类知识、实证知识三种范式。在特定的范式内,研究对象、研究趣味、研究价值、研究技能相对统一;不同范式之间,不仅方法不同,研究趣味和严格程度存在着不可跨越的鸿沟。本文主要分别从三种范式的特征、研究方法特点、范式适用对建筑学学术化进行了讨论。Confronting an increasi ngly urgent call for research in architecture and design related disciplines, the lack of discussion on research methods impedes the implementation of research activities for architecturally trained researchers. Rather than projecting the principles and techniques from general research methods, this paper investigates the instinct characters of architecture and design related disciplines. Three paradigms for scholarly research is proposed, such as experiential knowledge, categorized knowledge and empirical knowledge. The researches in the same paradigm share the same subjects, interests, values, and techniques;otherwise, those in different paradigms are unbridgeable. The main body of this paper discusses the characters, the methods, and the application of the three paradigms.

关 键 词：研究方法 建筑学科 范式 经验知识 专类知识 实证知识 

分 类 号：TU201[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]