成都市景观格局的热环境影响研究  

Study on the effect of the landscape pattern on the thermal environment in Chengdu

作　　者：刘洋[1] 辜寄蓉[1] 潘泓君 LIU Yang;GU Ji-rong;PAN Hong-jun(College of Faculty Geography Resource Science,Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610101,China)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学地理与资源科学学院,成都610101

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2019年第6期58-69,共12页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：四川省国土资源厅科技项目(2018KJ087)

摘　　要：研究以2014年8月13日的Landsat-8 TIRS-OLI获取了成都市土地覆被数据,采用普适性单通道算法提取成都市的地表温度,测算景观水平上成都市景观格局与热环境的相关性。结果表明,成都市二圈层温度普遍低于一圈层,且其内各行政区温度表现为高温离散分布,而一圈层表现为高温集聚。随距城市中心距离的增加,各梯度带均温、各土地覆被类型(林地、耕地、湿地及人工表面)的温度均呈下降趋势。由城市中心(天府广场)至研究区边缘,各空间单元的景观格局指数与温度的相关性大小不断变化。总体表现为空间单元距城市中心距离不超过8 km,空间单元面积不超过5.50 km2时,土地覆被面积占比及景观水平的景观配置指数与温度的相关性较大。因此,成都市景观格局与热环境的相关性表现为梯度变化与尺度效应。景观多样性与均匀度高也会引起温度的升高,同时景观格局与热环境均呈现梯度变化。Obtaining the land cover data from the Landsat-8 TIRS-OLI data on Aug 13 in 2014 and the surface temperature based on universality single channel algorithm,the relationship between the urban landscape pattern and the thermal environment were analysed.The results showed that the temperature of the second ring layer was generally lower than that of the first ring layer in Chengdu,and the temperature of each administrative region showed as high temperature discrete distribution,while that of the first ring layer showed as high temperature concentration.With the increase of the distance from the city center,the average temperature of each gradient zone and the temperature of each land cover type(forest land,cultivated land,wetland and artificial surface)all showed a decreasing trend.From the city center(tianfu square)to the edge of the study area,the correlation between the landscape pattern index and temperature of each spatial unit changed constantly.In general,when the space unit was no more than 8 km away from the city center and the space unit area was no more than 5.50 km2,the land cover area ratio and the landscape allocation index of landscape level were highly correlated with the temperature.Therefore,the relationship between the urban landscape pattern and the thermal environment was based on gradient change and scale effect.The higher landscape diversity and evenness caused the higher temperature with the gradient change between landscape pattern and the thermal environment.

关 键 词：景观格局 城市热环境 遥感 成都市 

分 类 号：P901[天文地球—自然地理学] X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]