红花草莓粉佳人与俏佳人杂交后代花与果实性状调查分析  

Investigation on the Flower and Fruit Characters of Hybrids from the Cross of Red-Flowered Strawberry Cvs Pink Beauty and Pretty Beauty

作　　者：薛莉[1] 刘玉 吴雪 王晨 何静娟 岳静宇 雷家军[1] XUE Li;LIU Yu;WU Xue;WANG Chen;HE Jing-juan;YUE Jing-yu;LEI Jia-jun(College of Horticulture,Shenyang Agricultural University,Shenyang 110161,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《沈阳农业大学学报》2019年第2期197-202,共6页Journal of Shenyang Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(31701964);辽宁省教育厅特聘教授项目(201835-17)

摘　　要：红花草莓是新兴的观赏兼食用的园艺植物,具较高的观赏价值。红花草莓在花色、果实品质等方面的育种取得了一定进展,但目前育成的红花草莓品种很少,且花色较单一(主要集中在粉色),果实品质较差。红花草莓不同花色之间的杂交,其后代花色和果实性状方面研究鲜见报道。以红花草莓品种粉佳人(花粉色)与俏佳人(花深粉色)为亲本进行正反交,调查杂交后代花色和果实品质。结果表明:粉佳人×俏佳人和俏佳人×粉佳人这2个组合的杂交结实率分别为9.85%和9.09%,播种出苗率分别为20.80%和2.64%;杂交后代花色分离明显,出现了红色、深粉色、粉色、浅粉色和白色。获得了花色艳丽的新种质,个别株系花色出现花瓣基部色深的性状。有42株后代在花大小、单序花朵数等性状明显优于亲本;杂交后代果实形状多数为圆锥形,还有楔形、短圆锥形、长圆锥形、圆形及带果颈等形状,果实大小差异明显,单果重为5.2～22.9g。杂交后代果实品质性状变异较大,可溶性固形物含量为6.1%～12.5%,可滴定酸为0.2%～1.5%,维生素C含量为17.3～116.2mg·100g-1。从2个正反交后代248株杂种中,筛选出了6个果实较大、花色红艳的株系,其中5-21,5-56,6-1,6-57均为红色株系,花色深而艳丽,可用于观赏或用于培育红花草莓红色品种的亲本;优系5-17和5-39则果实较大、芳香,花深粉红色,适于观赏和鲜食。本研究选育出的不同花色优系尤其是红色种质有较大的研究和应用价值。Red-flowered strawberry is a new kind of ornamental plants with high value.Although there have been some progresses on the flower color and fruit quality of red-flowered strawberry breeding in the past few decades,few cultivars were released.These cultivars were mainly concentrated in pink flower with poor fruit quality.At the same time,the hybridization among red-flowered strawberry cultivars with different flower colors was rarely reported.In this study,two red-flowered strawberry cultivars 'Pink Beauty' and 'Pretty Beauty' were used as parents to cross to improve their flower color and fruit quality.The results showed that the fruit setting rates of Pink Beauty×Pretty Beauty and Pretty Beauty×Pink Beauty were 9.85% and 9.09% respectively,and the germination rates were 20.80% and 2.64%,respectively.The flower colors were segregated in their hybrid offspring with red,deep pink,pink,light pink and white colors.There were 42 hybrids significantly superior to their parents in aspect of flower size and flower number per plant.The fruits of most hybrids were conical,and also wedge-shaped,short conical,and long conical etc.The largest fruit weight varied significantly with the range from 5.2g to 22.9g.There was a large variation on the fruit quality of hybrid offspring.The range of soluble solid content was from 6.1% to 12.5%,the titratable acid content was from 0.2% to 1.5%,and the vitamin C content was from 17.3 to 116.2 mg·100g^-1 in the progenies.Of the 248 hybrid offsprings obtained from the two reciprocal crosses,the six hybrids were selected with big fruit and brilliant red flower color,in which 5-21,5-56,6-1 and 6-57 were red individuals and could be directly used for ornamental or as parents for breeding red-flowered strawberry cultivars.The two superior hybrids 5-17 and 5-39 with large and fragrant fruits and dark pink flowers were suitable for ornamental and fresh eating.The red-flowered strawberry germplasm with various flower colors obtained from this study was of great value.

关 键 词：红花草莓 杂交 花色 果实品质 

分 类 号：S668.4[农业科学—果树学]