中国情境的工作强化研究:结构探索与量表开发  

Research on the Structure Exploration and Scale Development of Work Intensification in Chinese Context

作　　者：赵慧军[1] 王娟娟 ZHAO Hui-jun;WANG Juan-juan(School of Business Administration,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing,100070,China)

机构地区：[1]首都经济贸易大学工商管理学院,北京100070

出　　处：《经济管理》2019年第5期192-208,共17页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"忧患型领导的理论构建;结构测量及其对员工变革反应的影响机制研究"(71672118)

摘　　要：作为一种劳动力利用模式,工作强化对员工的工作满意度、幸福感、身心健康和组织承诺产生了诸多负面影响,对工作强化的准确测量是有效防范其负面效应的前提。然而,关于工作强化的结构和度量国外学术界还存在较大争议,国内也尚未展开对这一问题的探讨,更缺乏适合中国情境的测量工具。鉴于此,本文采用归纳和演绎相结合的方法,参考国外关于工作强化的结构维度和测量方面的研究成果,开发并检验了中国情境的工作强化量表。一系列多角度验证结果表明,中国情境的工作强化是包含工作强度增加和工作时间延长的二维构念,其具体结构与西方存在一定差异,所开发的量表具有良好的信度和效度。Work intensification means the intensity of employees'work efforts under high work demands and task pressure,which has caused many negative influences on employee's well-being,job satisfaction,work-family balance and organizational commitment.The precise measure of work intensification is a prerequisite for preventing these negative consequences.However,there are still many controversies about its structure,and effective questionnaires have not been developed.Moreover,work intensification has become a social problem that fatefully jeopardizes the benign operation of society in Chinese,but theoretical research is extremely scarce.Since there are numerous differences in management situations between China and the West,the differences in the composition of work intensification greatly reduced the effectiveness of scales in China.Therefore,structural exploration and scale development in Chinese context has become a premise to the research.In view of this,based on systematic literature reviews,this paper firstly aggregate 17 items from western scales and compiled into a questionnaire.Secondly,questionnaire surveys and in-depth semi-structured interviews with 21 respondents from multiple industries were conducted.Then,according to the process of content analysis,two main categories include increased work intensity and work extension and 14 categories are precipitated.Based on this,we designed a preliminary scale with 16 initial items,all of which are using comparative rhetoric to amend the defects of western scales.Thirdly,using the data obtained from three nationwide questionnaires,the study carries out exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis and examines the validity by selecting working-family conflict as criterion.Results of empirical tests show that work intensification in Chinese context has two dimensions,includes increased work intensity and work extension.The former contains 7 items includes shorter deadlines,more frequent work interruption,less downtime,multi-tasks,greater task pressure,w

关 键 词：中国情境 工作强化 结构探索 量表开发 

分 类 号：F272.92[经济管理—企业管理]