玉米淀粉基碳微球的制备及电化学性能的研究  

Preparation and electrochemical performance of corn starch-based carbon microsphere

作　　者：屈永浩 张志杰[1] 陈菲菲 李庆余[1] 黄有国[1] 王红强[1] Qu Yonghao;Zhang Zhijie;Chen Feifei;Li Qingyu;Huang Youguo;Wang Hongqiang(Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Energy Materials of Guangxi,Guangxi Normal University,Guilin 541004)

机构地区：[1]广西师范大学广西低碳能源材料重点实验室,桂林541004

出　　处：《化工新型材料》2019年第3期84-87,93,共5页New Chemical Materials

基　　金：广西科学研究与技术开发计划(桂科AA16380042;20150106-3;桂科攻1598008-14);国家自然科学基金(51474110)

摘　　要：以玉米淀粉为原料,经过乙酸镍处理后在不同温度下碳化,再用KOH对碳化材料进行活化,得到玉米淀粉基碳微球,该材料可做成超级电容器。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对实验样品形貌进行表征,并且进行了循环伏安、恒流充放电等电化学性能测试。SEM结果显示,原料玉米淀粉呈片状,而实验制得的玉米淀粉基碳微球具有良好的球形外貌,表面光滑平整。电化学性能结果显示,经900℃碳化并活化后的玉米淀粉基碳微球表现的电容特性最佳。在6mol/L KOH电解液中,200mV/s的扫描速度下,其循环伏安曲线仍能保持高度类矩形形状;在电流密度为1A/g恒流充放电下,其比容量高达116F/g,且经过500次充放电循环后,依然保持初始值的98%的比电容。结果表明,乙酸镍能促进淀粉球很好地形成球状的碳微球,且活化后的玉米淀粉基碳微球表面粗糙,产生了多孔结构,比表面积增大,电化学性能大大提高。Corn starch was used as raw material,after carbonation the sample was activated by KOH.The corn starch-based carbon microspheres were made to the supercapacitor.The morphology of material was characterized using scanning electron microscope(SEM),carried out cyclic voltammetry,constant current charge and discharge,and other electrochemical performance test.The results of SEM showed that the original starch was flake,the microspheres had good spherical appearance and smooth surface.The results of electrochemical performance showed that the microspheres prepared by carbonation at 900℃and then activating had the best capacitance characteristics.It showed good capacitance in 6 mol/L KOH electrolyte,and the cyclic voltammetry curve also remained as height was a rectangular shape at a scanning rate of 200 mV/s.When the constant current charging-discharging which the current density was 1 A/g,the specific capacity was up to 116 F/g and the capacitive retention ratio also was 98%after500 cycles.The results indicated that nickel acetate can promote the formation of spherical carbon microspheres,and after activation the microsphere surface was rough,resulting in porous structure,the specific surface area increased and the electrochemical performance was greatly improved.

关 键 词：玉米淀粉 高温固相 玉米淀粉基碳微球 超级电容器 

分 类 号：TQ127.11[化学工程—无机化工] TM53[电气工程—电器]