牙种植体的生物力学研究  

Expert consensus on biomechanical research of dental implant

作　　者：甘雪琦 肖宇 马瑞阳 黄椿棚 吴尧[3] 杨帮成[3] 杨齐 包崇云[2] 于海洋[1] Xueqi Gan;Yu Xiao;Ruiyang Ma;Chunpeng Huang;Yao Wu;Bangcheng Yang;Qi Yang;Chongyun Bao;Haiyang Yu(State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Prosthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China;Engineering Research Center in Biomaterials, Sichuan University & Sichuan Guojia Biomaterials Co., Ltd, Chengdu 610064, China;Chengdu Puchuan Biomaterials Co., Ltd, Chengdu 611731, China)

机构地区：[1]口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心四川大学华西口腔医院修复科 [2]口腔疾病研究国家重点实验室国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心四川大学华西口腔医院口腔颌面外科,成都610041 [3]四川大学生物材料工程研究中心四川国佳生物医学材料工程技术有限公司,成都610064 [4]成都普川生物医用材料股份有限公司,成都611731

出　　处：《华西口腔医学杂志》2019年第2期115-123,共9页West China Journal of Stomatology

基　　金：十三五国家重点研发项目(2016YFC1102704)~~

摘　　要：目前牙种植体的生物力学研究主要集中于种植体-骨结合界面及种植牙内各个部件连接界面的力学损伤及增强机制,以及如何获得更好的牙种植体-基台复合体的整体机械强度和服役寿命等方面的研究。目前有关生物力学的研究,主要通过电阻应力测试方法、光弹应力分析法、数字图像相关分析法、有限元分析法、种植体-骨结合强度力学测试和机械性能测试法对实验样本进行综合评价。目前有限元分析法是最常见的牙种植体应力分布研究法,而静态压力实验和疲劳实验是最常见的机械强度测试研究方法。本文通过对这些研究方法的原理、应用范围及特点的介绍和对实验结果影响因素的梳理,给相关领域研究者们提供方法学的指导,并可拓展种植体的设计思路。Current biomechanical research of dental implants focuses on the mechanical damage and enhancement mechanism of the implant-abutment interface as well as how to obtain better mechanical strength and longer fatigue life of dental implants. The mechanical properties of implants can be comprehensively evaluated by strain gauge analysis, photo elastic stress analysis, digital image correlation, finite element analysis, implant bone bonding strength test, and measurement of mechanical properties. Finite element analysis is the most common method for evaluating stress distribution in dental implants, and static pressure and fatigue tests are commonly used in mechanical strength test. This article reviews biomechanical research methods and evaluation indices of dental implants. Results provide methodology guidelines in the field of biomechanics by introducing principles, ranges of application, advantages, and limitations, thereby benefitting researchers in selecting suitable methods. The influencing factors of the experimental results are presented and discussed to provide implant design ideas for researchers.

关 键 词：牙种植体 生物力学 应力 机械强度 

分 类 号：R783[医药卫生—口腔医学]