阿尔泰山地牧业与生态环境保护对策  

Animal Husbandry and Eco-environmental Protection Countermeasures in Altai Mountains

作　　者：阿勒泰.塔依巴扎尔 赵万羽[2] 陈祥军[3] Aletai·TAYIBAZHAER;ZHAO Wan-yu;CHEN Xiang-jun(Altai State Forestry Administration, Altai City, Xinjiang, 836500;Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011;Department of Anthropology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510275, China)

机构地区：[1]阿尔泰山国有林管理局,新疆阿勒泰市836500 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]中山大学人类学系,广东广州510275

出　　处：《新疆环境保护》2019年第1期10-14,27,共6页Environmental Protection of Xinjiang

基　　金：阿尔泰山生态保护管理规划项目;自治区科技支撑计划项目(201533110)

摘　　要：阿尔泰山位于欧亚草原的东南端,是历史上不同游牧民族的重要夏季牧场。基于实地调查资料,分析了目前阿尔泰山存在的主要生态问题。放牧牲畜头数持续增加态势特别是近20多年来严重的超载过牧已经造成草地生产力、植被盖度和高度的显著下降,不合理的矿产旅游开发及不合理的土地管理政策对草地牧业和生态环境造成严重损害。分析阿尔泰山地牧业发展与草原生态及环境安全的关系,在此基础上提出保护阿尔泰山生态环境对策建议。探讨性提出合理利用草地资源、加强草地监管和宣传教育等措施对于防止草地进一步退化和环境恶化、保护草地资源与环境具有现实可行的意义。Altai Mountains, located at the southeast end of Eurasian Steppe, is an important summer pasture for different nomads in history. This article, based on the field survey data, analyzes the main ecological problems in Altai mountains, including the continuous increase in the number of grazing animals, especially the significant decline in grassland productivity, vegetation coverage and height caused by severe overgrazing in the past 2 decades, and the serious damage to grassland husbandry and eco-environment caused by unreasonable mine & tourism development and unreasonable land management policies. This article analyzes the relationship between the development of animal husbandry and grassland ecological and environmental safety in Altai mountains, and on this basis puts forward countermeasures and suggestions for protecting the eco-environment of Altai mountains. Exploratory measures such as rational utilization of grassland resources, strengthening grassland supervision and publicity & education are of practical significance for preventing grassland from further degradation and environmental deterioration and protecting grassland resources and environment.

关 键 词：阿尔泰山 牧业 牲畜头数 生态环境保护 

分 类 号：X171.1[环境科学与工程—环境科学]